基于单片机的智能小车设计.docxVIP

经典专科、本科、硕博、研究生、期刊毕业论文 仅供参考 精心整理 仅供参考 勿用作商业用途 摘要 本论文详细介绍了基于单片机的智能小型车的设计目的、硬件电路设计、软件设计和系统软件。整个小车的控制核心我选择的是单片机，主要包括单片机控制模块、遥控模块、避障模块、循迹模块、速度显示模块等模块。智能小车要实现自动避障功能、循迹行驶、显示实时速度和遥控功能。基于上述要求，传感检测部分考虑到小车一般不用感知清晰的图像，只要求大概感知即可，所以可以抛弃价格昂贵的超声波测距而考虑采用物美价廉的红外反射式传感器来充当，本文采用的是TCRT5000红外探头。智能小车的执行部分是用直流电机来实现的，本设计用到了2个直流电机，用了L298N和L293D来驱动，主要控制小车的前进方向和速度。单片机我选择STC89C52单片机，此单片机能满足本设计的要求，电路设计也比较简单，价格便宜，电源模块采用2块3.7V的锂电池，需要稳压电路来输出稳定的5V电压，显示模块采用液晶LCD1602即可满足需求，红外接收采用1838红外接收头，红外遥控采用HT6221编码芯片，经过数次调试，虽然功能实现有些瑕疵，但是在大体上本设计还是基本实现了所要求的功能。 关键词：LCD1602；直流电机；STC89C52RC 精心整理 仅供参考 勿用作商业用途 Abstract This paper introduces the design purpose, hardware circuit design, software design and system software of a smart small vehicle based on single-chip microcomputer. The control core of the entire car I chose is a single-chip microcomputer, which mainly includes a single chip microcomputer control module, a remote control module, an obstacle avoidance module, a tracking module, and a speed display module. Smart cars need to achieve automatic obstacle avoidance, tracking, display real-time speed and remote control functions. Based on the above requirements, the sensor detection part takes into account that the car generally does not need to perceive a clear image, and only requires perception, so it is possible to abandon the expensive ultrasonic ranging and consider adopting an inexpensive infrared reflective sensor to act. The TCRT5000 infrared probe. The implementation part of the smart car is realized by a DC motor. This design uses two DC motors, which are driven by L298N and L293D, and mainly control the forward direction and speed of the car. MCU I choose STC89C52 MCU, this MCU can meet the design requirements, circuit design is relatively simple, cheap, power module uses two 3.7V lithium battery, the need for voltage regulator circuit to output a stable 5V voltage, the display module uses LCD1602 The screen can meet the demand. Infrared receiver adopts