语言学第十、十一章练习题.docVIP

I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False: 1. L1 development and L2 development seem to involve the same processes. 2. The capacity to acquire one’s first language is a fundamental human trait that all human beings are equally well possessed with. 3. All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language. 4. Children follow a similar acquisition schedule of predictable stages along the route of language development across cultures, though there is an idiosyncratic variation in the amount of time that takes individuals to master different aspects of the grammar. Humans can be said to be predisposed and biologically programmed to acquire at least one language. Some languages are inferior, or superior, to other languages. Language acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the vocabulary and the meaning of language. Human beings are genetically predetermined to acquire language, this genetic predisposition is a sufficient condition for language development. Children who grow up in culture where caretaker speech is absent acquire their native language more slowly than children who are exposed to caretaker speech. In mother tongue acquisition, normal children are not necessarily equally successful. For the vast majority of children, language development occurs spontaneously and require little conscious instruction on the part of adults. The available evidence to date indicates that an explicit teaching of correct forms to young children plays a minor role at best. Correction and reinforcement are not key factors in child language development as they were claimed to be. 14. Imitation, plays at best a very minor role in the child ’s mastery of language. 15. Observations of children in different language areas of the world reveal that  the developmental  stages are similar, possibly universal, whatever the nature of the input. 16. A child ’s babbling seems to depend on the presence of acoustic, auditory input.