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- 2020-09-29 发布于浙江
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从高考题看现在进行时的被动语态
请看下面两道高考题: 1. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ____at the garage.(2006重庆卷)
A. will be repaired
B. is repaired
C. is being repaired
D. has been repaired
2. Although the causes of cancer_______, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (2006山东卷)
A. are being uncovered
B. have been uncovering
C. are uncovering
D. have uncovered
1题的答案为C。2题的答案为A。是对现在进行时被动语态的考查。现在进行时被动语态是高考常考考点,也是高一册第9单元的重点语法项目,是同学们学习的难点。为了帮助大家更好地掌握其用法,本文拟就其“三构成”、“五用法”和“四注意”归纳如下:
一、 现在进行时被动语态的“三种构成”形式:
1. 由“is /am / are+ being+过去分词”构成。例如:
A new building is being built over there.那边正在建造一栋新房子。
2. 由“is/am/are+ getting+过去分词”构成。例如:
My kitchen is getting painted now.我的厨房正在刷涂料。
3. 由“under+ 某些具有动词意义的名词”构成。例如:
My radio is under repair.(=My radio is being repaired.)我的收音机正在修理。
Fred’s problem is under discussion.(=Fred’s problem is being discussed.)弗雷德的问题正在讨论。
这样的短语还有: be under construction(在建设中); be under treatment(在治疗中); be under consideration(在考虑中); be under study(在研究中)be under control(在控制中)等。
二、 现在进行时被动语态“五用法”:
1. 表示现在时刻正在进行或发生的被动动作,常与now, look , at present等词连用。例如:
The machine is being tested by a young worker now.这台机器正由一位年轻工人检查。
He is being operated in the hospital at present.目前,他正在医院动手术。
2. 表示现阶段或目前正在进行的被动动作,但这一动作此时此刻不一定正在发生。例如:
They are being taught English in Beijing. 在北京,有人教他们学英语。
3. 表示一种经常性或习惯性的被动行为,可与always, forever , continually等连用,且带有赞扬、责备或埋怨等感情色彩。例如:
The naughty boy is always being criticized by his teacher.这淘气的男孩总是受到老师的批评。
4.与must ,may , might, can, could等表示推测的情态等词连用,表示对现在正在发生的被动行为的推测。例如:
Tom is not here. He must be being interviewed in the office.汤姆不在这儿。他肯定正在办公室里接受采访。
5. 表示按计划、安排主语将要发生某动作。例如:
An English evening is being held tonight.今晚将要举行英语晚会。
三、 使用现在进行时的被动语态 “四注意”:
1. 不要遗漏掉标志性助动词being。例如:
误: My bike is repaired in the street now.
正: My bike is being repaired in the street now.
2. 不要漏掉短语动词后面的介词。例如:
误: The baby is being taken care .
正: The baby
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