腰椎滑脱护理查房剖析.ppt

腰椎滑脱护理查房 Valadon onry. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  内容 0概述 0临庆表现 治疗方法 0护理问题及护理措施 0出院指导 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  、概述 腰椎滑脱的概念 ◆一侧或两侧椎弓根峡部崩裂、不连续,患椎向前滑移,称为 腰椎滑脱,又称真性滑脱; ◆无峡部崩裂,而是因椎间盘退变或其他原因致椎间位置滑移, 称为假性滑脱,又称退行性滑脱 ◆当腰椎滑脱同时伴慢性下腰痛、腰骶神经卡压症和马尾综合 征等表现,则称为腰椎滑脱症。 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  腰椎滑脱症的病因病理 ◆遗传学说:白种人发病26%,爱斯基摩人发病50%,28%儿童患者 父母有峡部缺损 ◆创伤学说:应力骨折、疲劳骨折,运动员和重体力者多见 ◆峡部发育障碍与外伤混合学说:先天发育不良为基础,后天应力损 伤为诱因。 ◆退变学说:椎间盘退变、间隙变窄,节段性不稳,关节突增生,椎 体旋转。 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  合公 2)(2(4)() 091()1磊酸份混 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  二、腰椎滑脱症的临床表现 ◆腰痛:长期反复发作,站立行走、负重及弯腰加重,卧床休息减轻 ◆坐骨神经痛,下肢相应神经支配区疼痛、麻木,膝腱、跟腱反射异 常,直腿抬高试验(+); ◆椎管狭窄表现:间歇性跛行; ◆马尾综合征:鞍区麻木,大小便异常,下肢肌力下降,肌肉萎缩, 不全性瘫痪。 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流 可以互相讨论下,但要小声点 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty L  三、腰椎滑脱症的治疗 1.保守治疗 ◆卧床:减轻腰部负荷; ◆制动:腰围、外固定支具固定,外界加强稳定性; ◆牵引:缓解肌肉紧张、调整小关节位置 ◆药物治疗:西药:非甾体类消炎镇痛药,如布洛芬、扶他林;中药:根 据辩证论治原则,予以活血化瘀、温经散寒、祛风除湿、补益肝肾等治 疗 ◆手法治疗:理疗,推拿 Evaluadon only. ch Asposeslides for NET 4o dient P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 dient Profilo 71 Copy