英汉语言对比最后版.pptVIP

constrastive study between English and Chinese onomatopeia By陈小妹黄凌  conte hynes 1. 2 formation 1.3 classification 2. similarities 2. 1 sound correspondence 2.2 polysemy 2. 3 semantic transfer 2. 4 functional transfer 3. differences type 3.2 sound noncorrespondence 3.3 phonetical structure 3.4 syntactic function 4 translation strategies 3.5 rhetorical devices 4.1 literal translatior 4.2 shift of perspective 4.3 zero translation/ommission 4.4 amplification 4.5 coinage  by Thomas Nashe Spring, the sweet Spring, is the year s pleasant king; Then blooms each thing. then maids dance in a rin Cold doth not sting, the pretty birds do sing Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo Pepsi cola模仿打开包装材料易拉罐的声音 Yahoo表示 surprised hapiness(惊喜而发出的声音),意在良好服务保证 顾客在使用该网站时感到惊喜 唧唧复唧唧,木兰当户织,不闻机杼声,惟闻女叹息。…不闻爷 娘唤女声,但闻黄河流水鸣溅溅。但辞黄河去,暮宿黑山头。不闻 爷娘唤女声,但闻燕山胡骑鸣啾啾。 《木兰诗》 大弦嘈嘈如急雨, 小弦切切如私语。 嘈嘈切切错杂弹, 大珠小珠落玉盘 --《琵琶行》  1.1 definition 拟声词又叫象声词 Onomatopoeia或 mutative Words。英语中 onomatopoeia一词由希腊语而来,原意是: to make name(起名 字),是通过仿拟相关事物的声响来构词。 ≯在早期汉语词汇的“以声象意”中,最常见的就是模拟事物音响的 词音(申小龙2005:348)。  The formation and use of words to imitate Sounds. (J.A. Cuddon: A Dictionary of Literary Terms /The beginning of human speech is based on the concept of natural sounds. The suggestion is that primitive words could have been imitations of natural sounds which clearly men and women heard around them G.Yule“ The Study of Language “模仿客观世界的声音而构成的词。”(王希杰:《汉语修辞学》) eg:猫叫声 mew.meow 喵喵 牛叫声 moo 哞哞 笑声 haha 哈哈 门铃声 ding, dong 叮咚 爆炸声bang  1.2 formation 理据( motivation):词义与事物或现象的命名之间的关系 Ulmann认为,词的理据主要有三类 1)语音理据( phonetic motivation):词的语音理据表现在词的语音形式和语义 的联系上; 2)形态理据( morphologic motivation):词的形态理据是指一个词的意义可以 通过该词的形态构成进行分析而获得 3)词义理据( semantic motiⅳ vation):词的语义理据是借助词的基本语义(有时还 要借助词的背景知识)的直接引申、隐喻引申、借代引申和提喻引申取得的。 拟声理据( onomatopoiec motivation):各种语言中都有不少的词是通过直 接模拟或间接模拟声音而构成象声词的。象声词在语音和语义之间存在者约定 俗成的关系。 从词语的理据类型来看,英语是字母文字,形态理据性强,文字理据性弱,因 析其理据性更注重其形态理据和语义理据性;而汉语是象形表意文字 在理据、语义理据、