机自专业Unit3(逐句翻译).docVIP

PAGE PAGE 6 Unit3 Programming for Numerical Control 数控编程 A program for numerical control consists of a sequence of directions that causes an NC machine to carry out a certain operation , machining being the most commonly used process. 数控编程由一系列方向构成，这些方向导致数控车床执行某种操作，加工是最常用的进程。Programming for NC may be done by an internal programming department ,on the shop floor, or purchased from an outside source . 数控车床编程由内部编程部门来完成，在车间里，或者从外部源购买。 Also, programming may be done manually or with computer assistance.编程还可以手动或者在计算机辅助下来完成。 The program contains conetains instructions and commands . 程序包括指令和命令。Geometric instuctions pertain to relative movements between the tool and the workpiece . 几何指令涉及刀具和工件间的相对移动。Processing instructions pertain to spindle speeds,feeds,tools,and so on. 进程指令涉及主轴速度，进给以及道具等。Travel instructions pertain to the type of interpolation and slow or rapid movements of the tool ro worktable . 行动指令涉及插值的类型以及刀具或者工作台的缓慢和快速移动。Switching commands pertain to on/off position for coolant supplies,spidle rotation,direction of spindle rotation ,tool changes,workpiece feeding,clamping, and so on . 切换命令涉及到开/关冷却液供给状况，主轴旋转，主轴方向，换刀，工件进给，夹具固定等等。 (1)Manual programming . 手工编程。manual part programming conisits first of calculating the dimensional relationships of the tool,workpiece ,and work table ,based on the engineering drawings of the part,and manufacturing operations to be performed and their sequence. 手工编程包括根据部分工程图纸首先算出刀具，工件以及工作台的尺寸关系，继而决定执行的操作和工序。A program sheet is then prepared,which consits of the necessary information to carry out the particular operation,such as cutting tools ,spindle speeds ,feeds,depth of cut,cutting fluids ,power ,and tool or workpiece relative positions and movements.一个包括执行特定操作所需必要信息的程序表就准备好了，例如刀具切削，主轴转速，进给，切削深度，切削液，以及刀具或者工件间的相对位置或者移动。Based on this information ,the part program is prepared . 根据这些信息，部分程序就准备好了。Usually a paper tape is first prepared for trying out and debugging the program.Depending on how often it is to be used ,the ta