2020 第2板块 专题3 完形填空.docVIP

PAGE 33 [命题规律] 1．短文以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议文为辅。情节往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和评论。 2．以考查实词为主。动词的考查依然是首位，然后是名词、形容词和副词，虚词偶有考查。 3．联系上下文的设空约占80%，结合语篇的设空约占20%，充分体现了“注重基础，难易比例适当，有利于选拔人才”的高考命题思路。 [命题趋势] 1．预计2020年高考依然以记叙文为主，选材上以贴近学生生活的话题为主，包括社会热点、学校生活、人物故事等，以传递正能量、普及社会常识为宗旨。 2．选项布局以考查实词为主，其中动词、名词居多，其次是形容词、副词，对介词等虚词的考查相对较少。 3．从三个层面考查语境理解的能力：对文章整体(文章中心主线和整体结构)的把握和理解；对上下文或句子之间关系的把握和理解；对句子结构和意义的把握和理解。 [完形填空解题四步骤] 第一步：通读全文，理解大意 重视首句信息，把握文章大意，为解题打下良好的基础。 第二步：根据语境，初选答案 解题过程中，应遵循先易后难的原则，先选出那些自己有把握的选项。对少数难题，暂时跳过；或许根据上文信息或后一两句都难以判断的题，在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示；或许一个在前面不能解答的题，在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。 第三步：研读选项，解决难题 借助已经填完的选项，上下求索、瞻前顾后，集中解决遗留的少数难题。此时我们要从语篇层次进行深入分析。 第四步：复读全文，验证答案 代入选项，重读文章，最终确定答案。 A篇 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They 1 with them lots of waste.The 2 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing，changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories，Im 4 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However，I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish.I find a 7 mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 ． The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 ，in my opinion，isnt reaching the top.Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters， 14 lands of low growing plants.Further up，the weather 15 —low clouds envelop the mountainsides，which are covered with thick grass.I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4，000 meters is the highland 17 ：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilima