牛津上海版8A被动语态讲解及练习（有答案）.docxVIP

被动语态 动词的被动语态 英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才有被动语态。它的基本结构为：be动词+及物动词的过去分词。所有的时态变化在be动词上。 以动词sing为例。 时态∕语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 Jay sings many songs every year. Many songs are sung by Jay every year. 一般过去时 Jay sang many songs last year. Many songs were sung by Jay last year. 一般将来时 Jay will sing/ is going to sing many songs this year. Many songs will be sung/ are going to be sung by Jay this year. 现在进行时 Jay is singing an English song. An English song is being sung by?Jay. 过去进行时 Jay was singing a song just now. A song was being sung by Jay just now. 现在完成时 Jay has sung lots of songs in the past few years. Lots of songs have been sung by?Jay in the past few years. 过去完成时 Jay had sung plenty of songs by last year. Plenty of songs had been sung by Jay last year. 过去将来时 Jay said he would sing more songs in the future. Jay said more songs would be sung in the future. 情态动词 Jay can sing many songs. Many songs can be sung by Jay. 注意以下几种被动语态的特殊情况： 一．被动语态中不定式要还原 Let/make/see/hear/watch sb. do sth.----- sb. be let/made/seen/heard/watched to do sth. My mother made me look after the little sister yesterday. ----I was made to look after the little sister by my mother yesterday. 有些动词没有被动语态。(及物动词才有被动语态) 1)? 不 及物动词或 动词短语无 被动语态：? appear, die，disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand? break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.? 2)? 系动词无 被动语态：?appear, be，become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn 3) 不能用于 被动语态的 及物动词或 动词短语：?fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch，agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 4)? 系动词无 被动语态：?appear, be，become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn 5) 当宾语是 不定式时，很少用于 被动语态。? I want to go now. 三．主动表示被动的几种情况 1）有些不及物动词形式上为主动，但是表示被动含义。 这本书销路很好。 This book sells we