高中英语常用语法.pdfVIP

常用语法 一：时态：所谓的时态，就是时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表： 1．主动形式 过去 现 将来 过去将来 一般 did do will/shall do should/would do 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完成 had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done 用于虚拟 语气 完成进行 had been doing have/has been doing / / 2．被动形式 过去 现 将来 过去将来 一般 was/were given am/is/are given will/shall be given should/would be given 进行 was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成 had been given have/has been given will/shall have been given should/would have been given 完成进行 / / / 一．非谓语动词 一．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生 2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语将要发生 2）不定式做状语 目的 3）不定式充当名词功能To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do　 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 　I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 　昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调我看见了这个事实) 　I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 　昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调我见他正干活这个动作） ? 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同 1)一样被动以后要还原 to I ‘d like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. 1 Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn. 3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want ，wish ，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer