3.4 Scottish English外国文学名著导读.pdf

Chapter Three 3.4 Scottish English Other parts of British Isles In England, Scotland and Ireland there exist what are called traditional dialects. These grew up over centuries of relative geographic isolation and exhibit fairly obvious lexical, morphological, syntactic and phonological differences from each other and from StE. Scottish, Welsh, Irish English Pronunciation (1) maintains /x/, spelled ch, in some words such as loch or technical. (2) Scottish English is a rhotic accent, pronouncing /r/ wherever it is written. /i:/ /i/ • steel /eɪ/ /e/ • stale /əʊ/ /o/ • stole Vocabulary Scottish English has its special national items of vocabulary. Some Scottish words and expressions are used and understood across virtually the whole country. dinnae, cannae, willnae (dont, cant, wont), ken (know), kirk (church), lassie (girl), bonny (pretty). 证资料 Grammar (1) Will and can (shall and may). Might and will (expressing possibility); (2) Need to, use to, dare to (notional verbs); (3) The action verb before adverbs can be omitted. (4) Single reflexive pronouns can be used in non-reflexive sentences.