(完整版)中世纪英语整理.docVIP

演讲素材 中古英语时期（ 1100 ―― 1500） 中世纪英语时期通常指的是公元 1066（诺曼征服）到 1489（英国议会停止使用法语）年， 处于欧洲中世纪历史的中晚期， 在此时期英国使用三种语言： 拉丁语、 法语和英语。中世纪 英语和古英语相比发生了空前的巨大变化。词尾变化大多消失，名词的性也消失了。词序， 虚词和语调成了表示句子关系的主要手段。 如果说古一英语与其它日尔曼语族的语言一样是 典型的综合语，那么到了中古英语末期，英语已逐渐具有分析语的特性。 The medieval English period usually refers to AD 1066 (Norman Conquest) to 1489 (the British Parliament ceases to use French) years, in the middle and late of medieval European history, during which the United Kingdom used three languages: Latin, French and English. Medieval English and ancient English compared to the unprecedented great changes. Most of the changes in the suffix, the disappearance of the nouns. Word order, functional words and tone become the main means of expressing the relationship between sentences. If the ancient English is the same as the language of other Germanic languages, then to the end of Middle English, English has gradually been characterized by analytic language. 1066 年的在英语语言发展史上是一个标志性的转折点。在这年，威廉带领军队从法国诺曼 底省出发，穿过英吉利海峡， 想在英国称王并在伦敦成立一个法国法庭。 之后的近三百年里，法语一直是英国的官方语言，成为统治阶级用语，而平民百姓说的英语被认为市低等语言。 到 1300 年左右，法语的使用开始减少。到 14 世纪末期，英语又重新成为官方语言。 1066 years in the history of the development of English language is a landmark turning point. In this year, William led the army from the French province of Normandy, through the English Channel, want to king in the United Kingdom and set up a French court in London. After nearly three hundred years, the French has always been the official language of the United Kingdom, became the ruling class language, and the civilian people speak English is considered the city low language. By about 1300 years, the use of French began to decrease. By the end of the 14th century, English became the official language again 在近四百年时间里， 诺曼人给英语带来了近一万的外来词， 深深影响了英国人的社会和生活。 英语语言在这一时期借用了较多法语中的派生词缀， 如 -able, -ess。当然也有一些拉丁语直接进入英语， 而且多用于书面语。 词汇方面的变化也是显著的。 由于诺曼法语一度是英国统治阶级的语言， 大批法语词涌入英语。 随着众多的法语借词被吸收进英语， 一些法语和拉丁语的词缀也被英语化了，成为英语构词的重要素材。 In the last four hundred years, the Normans brought nearly ten thousan