英语名词分为专的有名词与普通名词两大类.ppt

Unit 3 Number of nouns A.名词的分类 英语名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。 普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词 有单数和复数之分,不可数名词没有复数形式。但在 特殊情况下,他们也可用作可数名词。  Unit 3 Number of nouns B.名词复数形式的构成 (1)规则变化 1.词尾+s: desks,maps,cats, roofs pens, rooms, dogs, cars 2.词尾+es; buses, watches, glasses, brushes 3.辅音+y→ies;:baby- babies,ciy- cities 4.元音+y→ys:days,boys,keys 5.辅音+o+es: potatoes, tomatoes, heroes 例外: kilos. photos, pianos  Unit 3 Number of nouns B.名词复数形式的构成 (1)规则变化 6.元音+0+s:z0os, bamboos, radios, studios工作室 7.词尾f或fe→ves: half-halves, life-lives, knife -knifes /self, shelfzy 子,loaf一条,wife, thief,wolf, leaf,etc 例外: roofs, chiefs首领, proofs, beliefs, safes保险箱, griefs悲伤, handkerchiefs, cliffs.悬崖  Unit 3 Number of nouns B.名词复数形式的构成 (1)规则变化 8.字母或数字的复数形,以加s为原则 mind your p s and qs谨慎行事 n the 1980s= in the 1980s phDs= phDs  Unit 3 Number of nouns B.名词复数形式的构成 (2)不规则变化 1.改变元音的字母 man-men woman-women foot-feet goose-geese, tooth -teeth, mouse-mice 2.词尾+en或ren: Ox-oxen child - children 3.单复数同形:der,shep, aircraft航空器, cattle, Chinese  Unit 3 Number of nouns B.名词复数形式的构成 (2)不规则变化 4.外来语的复数形 datum -data basis- bases crisis- crises antenna -antennae. medium -media analysis-analyses  Unit 3 Number of nouns B.名词复数形式的构成 (3)复合名词的复数 1.主要的词改为复数 passers-by行人, fathers-in-law岳父, maid- servants女仆 2.前后两词均改为复数 men-servants. women-doctors 3.词尾+s: grown-ups, forget-me-nots勿忘草  Unit 3 Number of nouns C.使用名词单复数时的注意事项 1.表示不可数名词量的概念,要使用单位名词。 a bar of chocolate, a piece of furniture, a drop of water, an item of news, a loaf of bread, a piece of advice 2.某些数量词只能修饰可数名词: many, few/a few, a(large)number of, a good many of 3.某些数量词只能修饰不可数名词:much,litl/a little, a great deal of, a large amount of, a quantity of  Unit 3 Number of nouns C.使用名词单复数时的注意事项 4.某些数量词既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词: some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a percentage of 5.有些名词的复数形式表示特殊的意义: times时代, works著作,good货物, greens蔬菜, regards问候, contents目录, papers论文/文件,pars零件 directions指示/用法, gains收获, numbers数字,算 measures/means手段措施