if引导的条件状语从句虚拟语气.doc

虚 气是一 法 点， 了 学 便于理解与 ， 我 把虚 气分成三大 来 ： 1．名 从句中的虚 气 2．条件从句中的虚 气  志 +should+ 原形 ①三种基本 ②倒装虚 句 ③混 虚 句  ④含蓄 虚 句 ⑤跳 虚 句 3．其它情形中的虚 气（ wish/would rather/It ’s high time ?/If only ?/lest ） 一．三种基本形 （ 1） 表虚 的 if 从句 形式 主句 形式 在： did / were would (should, might, could)+do 去： had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been) 将来： were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do 三种基本形 （ 2）（ 是基 ，建 牢 下面的例句，争取能脱口而出） 与 在事 相反： If I had enough money, I would buy a book. 与 去事 相反： If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book. 与将来事 相反： If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book. If I should have enough money, I would buy a book. 二、倒装虚 句（只能与 去 / 将来事 相反，省去 if ，只有三种倒装形式） Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book. Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book. Should I have enough money, I would buy a book. 三、混合 虚 气（主要是抓住 状 ） ( 去事 虚 + 在事 虚 ) If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now. ( 在事 虚 + 去事 虚 ) If she were not so careless, she wouldn ’t have made such a mistake. 四、含蓄虚 句（在四 考 中目前 未出 此考点，但在 中常 ） 虚 气用在主 从句中。 在句型“ It is important (necessary, strange, natural 等) that... ” 中， that 后面的从句中的 用 (should) + 原形。 Its necessary that we should have a walk now. 我 在有必要出去散 散步。 What would I have done without you But for their help, I would not have finished the task. But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead. Given more time, I would have been able to finish the test. 五、跳 虚 句（即句子一半 虚 ，另一半 述 气； but 前句用虚 而 or/otherwise 后句用虚 ） (but) He would put on weight, but he doesnt eat much. ( 与 在事 相反 ) He would have put on weight, but he didnt eat much. ( 与 去事 相反 ) (or, or else, otherwise) I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now. ( 与 在事 相反 ) Mary couldnt have received my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now. ( 与 去事 相反 ) 六、名 从句虚 气 (1) ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, r