理解马克思 (9)理解马克思.pdf

History and Uses of Pinyin History of Pinyin: Pinyin was created in 1950s as the method of Chinese phonetic instruction. Chinese people and the government tried several ways to present Chinese phonetics, including using other characters of the same pronunciation, creating new letters, using Japanese letters etc.(Pinyin was based on several existing systems: Gwoyeu Romatzyh of 1928, Latinxua Sin Wenz of 1931, and the diacritic markings from zhuyin (bopomofo))A draft was published on February 12,1956. The first edition of Hanyu Pinyin was approved and adopted at the Fifth Session of the 1st National Peoples Congress on February 11, 1958. Uses of Pinyin: 1. The spelling of Chinese geographical or personal names is most commonly transcribed into English using Pinyin, such as Shanghai. 2. Pinyin is often used in Elementary Education. It helps children associate characters with the spoken words which they already know. It also helps to teach children Mandarin pronunciation when learning vocabulary. 3. Pinyin has now become a tool for many foreigners to learn Mandarin pronunciation. Many foreign learners of Chinese will read books that contain both characters and pinyin. Pinyin has also become the dominant method for entering Chinese text into computers. 4. If you learn Pinyin well, even you dont know any Chinese characters, you can speak Chinese! With the help of Pinyin, you can also read Chinese characters, look up new words in the dictionary and so on.