英语实用语法非常详细,适合各类考生.pptVIP

句子的种类  英语的句子按照用途可分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使 句和感叹句。 (一)陈述句 用来陈述一件事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫作陈述句, 句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否 定句。 I like apples.我喜欢苹果。 Tom is not good at English.汤姆英语学得不好。  否定结构陈述句 1Be动词的否定句 I am not a student He is not my teacher. *进行时和被动语态(现在时,过去时,进行时的被动语态) 都有be动词所以它们的否定句与be动词的否定同形 They are not cleaning the room 他们没在打扫房间。 He was not elected as the monitor 他没有被选为班长。  2情态动词的否定句 I can not do it by myself You must not take the books out 你一定不能把书拿出去。 3完成时的否定 I have not finished the job He has not had his lunch vet He had not designed any plan by the end of last month.  4行为动词的否定句 主语+do/ does/did+not+动词原形 They do not live in shanghai He does not do his home work every day. They did not have the meeting yesterday. She did not pass the english exam yesterday.  (二)祈使句 祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、建议、请求或命令 等。主语you通常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句 号。表达请求或劝告时,祈使句句末或句首可以加上 please表 示委婉的语气。  1肯定祈使句的表现形式 Please have a seat Do型动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分 请坐。 Be型|Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分。 Be quiet!安静! Let me help you Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 让我帮助你。  Do型 (1)不及物动词+其他成分。 Come here!过来! Look!看! Come in!进来! (2)及物动词十宾语+其他成分。 Close the door!关门! Open your books!翻开课本! Be型 系动词十表语+其他成分。 Be quiet, please!请安静! Be careful 小心!  Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 Lets go at once 咱们马上走 Let me try again 让我们再试一次。 Let her tell everyone 让她告诉每一个人 Let tom go there 让Tom去那边。  2否定祈使句的表现形式: (1)Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont构成 ①Don’ t forget me!不要忘记我! Don’ t make such a noise ② Dont be late for school!上学不要迟到!