新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第四册Text A课文及课后习题答案（全册）.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 Unit 1 Text A Love and logic: The story of a fallacy 1 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldnt stand the idea of being the only football player who didnt, so he made a pact that hed give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasnt the brightest guy. Polly wasnt too shrewd, either. 2 But she was pretty, well-off, didnt dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 3 Radiant she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her well-spoken. 4 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. What are we going to talk about? she asked. 5 Logic. 6 Cool, she said over her gum. 7 The doctrine of logic, I said, is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First lets look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter. 8 Great, she agreed. 9 Dicto Simpliciter means an unqualified generalization. For example: Exercise is good. Therefore, everybody should exercise. 10 She nodded in agreement. 11 I could see she was stumped. Polly, I explained, its too simple a generalization. If you have, say, heart disease or extreme obesity, exercise is bad, not good. Therefore, you must say exercise is good for most people. 12 Next is Hasty Generalization. Self-explanatory, right? Listen carefully: You cant speak French. Rob cant speak French. Looks like nobody at this school can speak French. 13 Reall