新概念英语第一册第143课Lesson143课文单词知识点.docVIP

Lesson143 I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. It is a famous beauty spot. On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods. Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. Litter baskets have been placed under the trees, but people still throw their rubbish everywhere. Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. What I saw made me very sad. I counted seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins. Among the rubbish, I found a sign which said,‘Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted!’ 我住在一个由美丽的树林环绕的古老小镇上。这是一个著名的风景胜地。每逢星期天，有许许多多人从城里来观赏我们的小镇，并在树林中散步。游客已被告知要保持树林的整洁。树下都已设置了废物筐，但是人们仍到处扔垃圾。上星期三我到树林里去散步。我所见到的一切使我非常难过。我数了一下，有7辆旧汽车和3个旧冰箱。废物筐是空的，而满地都是纸片、烟头、旧轮胎、空瓶子和生锈的空罐头盒。在垃圾堆中我发现了一块牌子，上面写着：“凡在此树林里丢弃垃圾者，将依法处置。” 【知识点讲解】 (一)单词扩展 　　1)surround vt. 包围,环绕,围绕 n. 围绕物 　　例句：Trees surround our house. 　　我们房子的四周都是树。 　　surrounding既是surround的现在分词形式，也是一个词。 n. 环境 a. 周围的 　　例句：Gradually the surrounding farmland turned residential. 　　周围的农田渐渐变成了住宅区。 　　2)wood n. 木头;木材;木柴; 森林,树林 　　例句：You should put some more wood in the fire. 你应该再往火里添些木料。 　　3)beauty spot 风景点 　　spot 这个词含义很丰富，比如n. 污点,地点,斑点,点,缺点,处境,少量 　　a. 当场的,现场的,现货买卖的 　　vt.1. 点缀;2.发现;3.看见,看到,注意到 　　scenic spot 风景名胜 　　例句：The city is famed for its scenic spots. 　　该市以风景优美著称。 　　4)cover 这个词意思也很丰富，既可作动词，又可作名词。 　　n. 盖子,封面,藉口，报道 　　vt. 覆盖,掩饰,保护,掩护,包括 　　vi. 覆盖;翻唱 　　例句：The highway was covered with snow. 　　公路被雪覆盖着。 　　5)litter n. 垃圾,杂乱 vt. 乱丢 　　例句：There was litter thrown all over the pavement. 　　人行道上到处都是扔的垃圾。 　　litter与rubbish的区别 　　rubbish: 普通用词，指任何成堆的、破损的、用过的或无用的东西，尤指弃掉的垃圾堆。也可作引申用。 　　litter: 是四下乱丢物品的总称，尤指散落于地，有碍观瞻的废物。 　　6)prosecute vt. 起诉, 告发, 从事, 彻底进行 　　例句：He was prosecuted for exceeding the speed limit. 　　他被告发超速行驶。 　　(二)【课文讲解】 　　1. 大家在看课文的过程中会发现，今天的课文中多次出现be+动词过去分词这种形式，这就是英语中的被动式。 　　被动式不等于过去分词，确切的说，应该是“Be+过去分词”，例如，give的被动式，