句子成分结构分析.docxVIP

句子成分结构分析 一、主语、谓语 说出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分。 ① Class ② begins at eight. ①The teachers ②are having a meeting. At five o clock,①they ② left. ① Put up your hand if you ② have any questions. ①Smoking ②does harm to your health. ① There is ② a pen on the desk. ① Who ② teaches you maths,Xiao Hua? ①This story ② happened in London. ①The rich ②should help the poor. This weekend,①some of us ②are going to have a picnic with the teachers. 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。 根据各个部分在句子中所起的作用分别称为主语、 谓语、宾语、表语、 定语、状语和补语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体。 只要含有主语和谓语的语言片段就构成句子 ，这是英 语的一大特点。 主语(Subject):主语是句子的主体部分，是说明的对象，是动作的执行者或发出者。 主语通常由名词、 代词 以及动词-ing形式等充当。 例如:The students are listening to me carefully.They want to learn English well.But learning English well isn t easy,of course,not very difficult. 同学们在认真听我讲课。他们想学好英语 ，但是，学好英语并不容易，当然，也不很难。 谓语(Predicate):谓语用来说明主语的状态或行为动作。由于谓语部分在英语中的形式多种多样 ，不同于 汉语中的谓语，要准确无误地灵活运用英语，就必须攻克谓语关。 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 例如:He practises running every morning. 他每天早上练习跑步。 复合谓语：①由情态动词、be动词或其他助动词加动词原形或动词的其他形式构成。 例如：You may keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可借两周。 The students are playing basketball. 学生们在打篮球。 ②由系动词加表语构成。 例如：We are students. 我们是学生。 I .指出下列句子中的主语和谓语(画线部分) ① He.② has become more and more interested in English. ① The living ② should go on with his work. ① He ②practises speaking English every morning. ①The child ②has been brought up by his grandmother. ①To see ② is to believe. ①_It ② is necessary ③ to help him out. ① He ② looked after the children carefully. ① Four plus Four ② is eight. ① He ② can speak English very well. ① Playing football in the street ② is dangerous. 二、宾语、表语 说出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分。 They visited an exhibition yesterday. The heavy rain prevented ① me from ②arriving at school on time. How many ① dictionaries do you have?I have ②five. 4.I enjoy listening to popular music. 5.She looks unhappy today. He often went hungry in the past. His job is to teach English. Time is ① up.The class is ② over. He remained in poor health all those years. These apples taste sweet. 宾语(Object):宾语表示动作的对象或承受者 ，一般位于及物动词