生物专业英语词汇（F-I）.pptVIP

Glycolysis the universal cellular metabolic process in the cell‘s Cytoplasm where 6-carbon Glucose is split into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules, and some ATP and NADH are produced. 糖酵解 Golgi complex??organelles in animal cells composed of a series of flattened sacs that sort, chemically modify, and package proteins produced on the rough Endoplasmic reticulum. Greenhouse effect? ?the heating that occurs when gases such as carbon dioxide trap heat escaping from the earth and radiate it back to the surface; so-called because the gases are transparent to sunlight but not to heat and thus act like the glass in a greenhouse. Guard cells specialized epidermal cells that flank stomates and whose opening and closing regulates gas exchange and water loss. Guanine one of the nitrogenous bases in Nucleic acids, guanine is one of the two purine bases. Haploid??cells that contain only one member of each homologous pair of Chromosomes (haploid number = n).  Hemoglobin??a red pigment in red blood cells that can bind with oxygen and is largely responsible for the blood’s oxygen-Carrying capacity. Hemoglobin is composed of four polypeptide chains, two α and two β chains. Hemophilia??a human sex-linked recessive genetic disorder that results in the absence of certain blood-clotting factors, usually factor vii. Hemophiliacs suffer from an inability to clot their blood.  Hemo=blood; philia＝love Hepatitis a potentially serious viral disease that affects the liver; can be transmitted through sexual contact or through contact with infected blood. 肝炎 hepat-＝liver Herbivore term pertaining to a Heterotroph, usually an animal, that eats plants or algae. Herbivores function in Food chains and Food webs as primary Consumers. Heterotrophic??refers to organisms, such as animals, that depend on preformed organic molecules from the environment (or another org