被动语态讲解及重点学习的练习.doc

被 动 语 态 讲 解 及 练 习 一、 被动语态的用法： 一般现在时的被动语态构成： is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态构成： was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时的被动语态构成： will/be going to+ be + 及物动词的过去分词二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 先找出谓语动词； 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语； 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。 eg：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 不及物动词无被动语态。 有些动词（如：系动词 look ， smell，taste，sound，feel)用主动形式表示被动意义。 还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态，与 well, easily 等词连用，含有被动意义， 如： read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean等。 eg: This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略 to 的动词不定式，主动语态中不带 to ，但变为被动 语态时，须加上 to 。 eg： make sb do sth →sb+ be +made to do sth see sb do sth →sb +be +seen to do sth 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语 (物 )作主语，那么动词后要用介 词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 eg: He gave me a book. →A book was given to me by him. He showed mea ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. → A new bike was bought for me by my father. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 eg: We can ’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 被动语态练习 一、选择题 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )3.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )4.How many trees ____ this year A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )5.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( )6.--When ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are