英美政治体制的异同点(自己整理版).docVIP

相同点：These two capitalist countries were both regarded as the western democracy, whose powers were controlled by the bourgeoisies. They were two-party system and both have the cabinet. Both of them have the Parliament (Congress), which is the legislative organ of the country. They were both the three-tier countries. 不同点： 英国：British system of government is known as constitutional monarchy. The central government includes the Monarch, parliament, and the cabinet. The monarch who is the nation’s symbol reigns but not rules. He/She only does what parliament and cabinet want him/her to do. He/She whose appointment is hereditary reigns until he/she die. The prime minister who is the leader of the party in power is appointed by the monarch. He presides over(主持、负责) the cabinet. Cabinet is the nation’s supreme executive organ and comes from the parliament. It is responsible to the parliament. Parliament is the nation’s supreme legislative organ. The government is responsible to parliament and is checked by the parliament. 美国：The U.S. system of government is known as federalism. It divides the power of the country into the central and state government. Under the principle of division of power, the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. Which is also known as the check and balance system. The executive branch is administration. It is headed by the chief executive officer, the president, who is also the head of the state. The president is the core of the power, whose tenure(任期) is no more than two terms. Congress has the power to impeach him, so he can never dismiss the congress. Cabinet is chosen by the president. The legislative branch is the congress, which consists of two chambers(内廷): The Senate and the House of Representatives. They are granted equal powers. The judicial branch is headed by a Supreme Court. The president checks the Supreme Court and is also checked by the Supreme Court. State government also con