中小学英语课件 被动语态.pptVIP

被 动 语 态 当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（Active Voice）； 如果主语是动作的承受者，动词用被动语态（Passive Voice）。 We cleaned the classroom yesterday. The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. am/is/are +done 一般现在时 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 4) was/were done 一般过去时 5) had been done? 过去完成时 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时 8) should/would be done 过去将来时 各种时态的被动语态 几种特殊结构?1）情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态： 常见的不及物动词：appear, die, disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place… 比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词； raise, seat是及物动词。 The price has risen.The accident happened last week.The price has been raised.Please be seated. 3）表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last， own，hold，become等往往不能用于被动语态。 The shirt fits him very well． 主动表被动的情况 一、系动词 taste, smell, feel, sound, prove， turn out等可用主动形式表达被动意义。 These flowers smell sweet. That sounds very reasonable. The food tastes delicious. 二、某些与 can’t, won’t 等连用的不及物动词，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主动形式表达被动意义。 The box can’t move. The door won’t shut. 三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如 sell, write, wash, clean, last(耐久), wear(耐穿),read，wash, shut. cut等 和副词 (well/badly /easily/smoothly), 用主动式表被动。 This kind of food sells well. The floor doesn’t clean easily. This cloth washes well and lasts long. 四、形容词 worth 后面和动词 require, need, want 等动词后面要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The thing is worth doing. The novel is worth reading. The trees need watering. The TV needs mending. Children want looking after. 五、不定式的主动式表被动含义 1. “系动词+形容词+不定式” n. +be (too) adj. /adj. (enough)+ to do… The plane is too high to see. The book is cheap enough for me to buy. The question is not easy to answer.  2. 不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。 I will give him something to drink. 3.不定式 to blame, 表示“应受批评,责备”，用主动式表被动义。 The boy is to blame for w