人教英语选修八抢分教程课件：Unit2Cloning.docxVIP

美文导读?话题链接. 美文导读?话题链接 . / Unit 2 Cloning 克隆为器官移植这一医学领域提供了广阔的空间；五 只克隆小猪的诞生让需要器官移植的人看到了希望。 Cloned Pigs—the Potential Organ Donors Five cloned piglets （小猪）， genetically modified （修改）so that their organs are much less likely to be rejected by a human donor recipient， have been born in the US. More than 62,000 people in the US alone are waiting to receive donated hearts, lungs, livers, kidneys and pancreases （胰月庄）? The number of human donors falls far short of demand.Pig organs are of a similar size to human organs, and some scientists hope they might be used to help meet the shortage.But previous attempts to transplant unaltered pig tissue into humans have failed, due to immune （免疫白勺）rejection of the tissue. The five piglets, born on Christmas Day, lack a gene for an enzyme （酶）that adds a sugar to the surface of pig cells.The sugar would trigger （触发）a patient? s immune system into launching an immediate attack. “This advance provides a neartime solution for overcoming the shortage of human organs for transplants, as well as insulinproducing （产生胰岛素的）cells to However, scientists warn that much more work is necessary before organs from copies of the pigs could be transplanted into humans.Human genes will need to be added, to prevent rejection of the organ in the long term.There are also concerns that pig viruses could infect organ recipients. Cloning techniques were vital to the production of the pigs.Genes can only be knocked out in a single cell.Cloning of these single cells then allowed the creation of a whole animal in which the gene was knocked out in every cell.But the PPL researchers have succeeded in knocking out only one copy of the gene for the enzyme, called alpha 1,3 galactosyl transferase （半孚L 糖基转移酶）? The team will now attempt to knock out both copies of the gene. ◎词汇积累 1 ? potential adj. 的 I ； OTgan”. recipientn. 4 ? unalteTed adj. 不变的 5?vims”. 病毒 潜在的，可能 器官；； 接受者 ； 未被改变的，极其重要的6 ? vital adj. 潜在的，可能 器官；； 接受者 ； 未被改变的， 极其重要的 ◎文篇理解 1 ? Why do scientists plan to u