APS考试复习资料：材料科学.docxVIP

材料科学 Material Science 你在工程力学”这门课中都学习了哪些知识？ What did you lear n in the course “ Engin eeri ng Mecha nics ”？ Mecha nics can be divided into statics, kin ematics and dyn amics. The mecha nics branch related with my professi on is material mecha ni cs. And statics is the foun dati on of material mechanics. So during this course we learn about Static mechanics first then lear n about Materials mecha ni cs. 关于静力学，你都学习了哪些知识？ What knowledge have you learned about Static mecha nics? Firstly, we lear ned some basic con cept of Engin eeri ng Mecha ni cs. Components are con stitue nt parts of the mach ine and structure. When a force is applied to an object, it may cha nge the size and directi on of the objects velocity, which is called the motion effect (external effect) On ano ther hand, it may also change the shape of an object, which is called the deformation effect (internal effect). I n the statics, we on ly con sider the deformati on effect of force. Un der the acti on of exter nal force, the size and shape of the comp onents have a change, and that change calls deformation. Deformation of components can be divided into two kin ds. When the force is removed, some deformati on disappear, components can recover its size and shape, those deformation calls elastic deformation. When the force is removed, some deformati on remai n, comp onents can not recover its size and shape, those deformati on calplastic deformati on The larger exter nal force is, the larger deformati on happe n. When the exter nal force get too big, it may cause the huge plastic deformation even fracture of the component. Obviously, this make machine and structure cant work. The ability of comp onent to resist damage (huge plastic deformati on and fracture) un der exter nal forces is called strength If no table elastic deformati on occurs, although it can be restored, but before it be restored, they also cause machine cant work. The ability of component to resist deformatio n un der exter nal forces is cal