大学外贸英语课文翻译.pdfVIP

大学外贸英语课文翻译 Chapter 7 Arguments on Government Intervention in International Trade 政府干预国际贸易的理由 In this chapter we’ll examine the reasons for government intervention in spite of the fact that some developed countries like the United States pay lip service to free trade and talk a lot about the benefits of liberal trade. 尽管一些发达国家如美国口头上说自由贸易如何好，本章还是考察一下政府干预国际贸易的 理由。 Arguments for government intervention in western trade experts’ view fall into two categories ：political arguments and economic arguments. 按西方贸易专家的观点，政府干预国际贸易的理由分两大类：一类是政治上的理由，一类是 经济上的理由。 First of all, let’s examine the political arguments. This category of arguments cover a　range of issues including ：protecting jobs and industries ， national security ， retaliation ，protecting consumers, furthering foreign policy objectives and protecting human rights. 首先让我们看一下政治理由。这类理由涉及一系列问题，包括：就业与产业保护，国家安 全，报复，保护消费者，推动外交政策目标的实现和保护人权。 (1)Protecting jobs and industries 　 Yes ，export can create more job opportunities. But this is only one side of the coin. On the other hand ，increasing imports can also make workers lose their jobs. The very recent U.S. threat of using anti-dumping policy against Chinese exports of color TV sets and textiles to the U.S. is based on such grounds. To protect jobs and industries ，an importing country can take such measures as VERs and import quotas. VERs means voluntary export restraints ，and is regarded as one of the most important of the nontariff trade barriers. From 1981 to 1985 the United States induced Japan to reduce its automobile exports to the U.S. for the reason that growing Japanese auto exports had made the Big Three U.S. auto makers suffer a big loss of $4 billion and nearly 300 000 American auto workers lost their jobs ． 就业与产业保护 出口可以创造更多的就业机会。但这只是问题的一方面。从另一方面讲，进口会使工人失业。 最近美国针对中国向其出口的彩电与纺织品使用反倾销政策的威胁就是以此