商务与经济统计习题答案（第8版，中文版）SBE8-SM21.docVIP

Chapter 21 Sample Survey 21 - PAGE 18 21 - PAGEXXX 21 - PAGE 1 Chapter 21 Sample Survey Learning Objectives 1. Learn what a sample survey is and how it differs from an experiment as a method of collecting data. 2. Know about the methods of data collection for a survey. 3. Know the difference between sampling and nonsampling error. 4. Learn about four sample designs: (1) simple random sampling, (2) stratified simple random sampling, (3) cluster sampling, and (4) systematic sampling. 5. Lean how to estimate a population mean, a population total, and a population proportion using the above sample designs. 6. Understand the relationship between sample size and precision. 7. Learn how to choose the appropriate sample size using stratified and simple random sampling. 8. Learn how to allocate the total sample to the various strata using stratified simple random sampling. Solutions: 1. a. = 215 is an estimate of the population mean. b. c. 215 ? 2(2.7386) or 209.5228 to 220.4772 2. a. Estimate of population total = N = 400(75) = 30,000 b. Estimate of Standard Error = c. 30,000 ? 2(320) or 29,360 to 30,640 3. a. = .30 is an estimate of the population proportion b. c. .30 ? 2(.0437) or .2126 to .3874 4. B = 15 A sample size of 73 will provide an approximate 95% confidence interval of width 30. 5. a. = 149,670 and s = 73,420 approximate 95% confidence interval 149,670 ? 2(10,040.83) or $129,588.34 to $169,751.66 b. = N= 771(149,670) = 115,395,570 = N= 771(10,040.83) = 7,741,479.93 approximate 95% confidence interval 115,395,770 ? 2(7,741,479.93) or $99,912,810.14 to $130,878,729.86 c. = 18/50 = 0.36 and approximate 95% confidence interval 0.36 ? 2(0.0663) or 0.2274 to 0.4926 This is a rather large interval; sample sizes must be rather large to obtain tight confidence intervals on a population proportion. 6. B = 5000/2 = 2500 Use the value of s for the previous year in the formula to determine the necessary sa