商务与经济统计习题答案（第8版，中文版）SBE8-SM05.doc

Chapter 5 Discrete Probability Distributions 5 - PAGE 10 5 - PAGE 21 5 - PAGE 1 Chapter 5 Discrete Probability Distributions Learning Objectives 1. Understand the concepts of a random variable and a probability distribution. 2. Be able to distinguish between discrete and continuous random variables. 3. Be able to compute and interpret the expected value, variance, and standard deviation for a discrete random variable. 4. Be able to compute and work with probabilities involving a binomial probability distribution. 5. Be able to compute and work with probabilities involving a Poisson probability distribution. 6. Know when and how to use the hypergeometric probability distribution. Solutions: 1. a. Head, Head (H,H) Head, Tail (H,T) Tail, Head (T,H) Tail, Tail (T,T) b. x = number of heads on two coin tosses c. Outcome Values of x (H,H) 2 (H,T) 1 (T,H) 1 (T,T) 0 d. Discrete. It may assume 3 values: 0, 1, and 2. 2. a. Let x = time (in minutes) to assemble the product. b. It may assume any positive value: x > 0. c. Continuous 3. Let Y = position is offered N = position is not offered a. S = {(Y,Y,Y), (Y,Y,N), (Y,N,Y), (Y,N,N), (N,Y,Y), (N,Y,N), (N,N,Y), (N,N,N)} b. Let N = number of offers made; N is a discrete random variable. c. Experimental Outcome (Y,Y,Y) (Y,Y,N) (Y,N,Y) (Y,N,N) (N,Y,Y) (N,Y,N) (N,N,Y) (N,N,N) Value of N 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 0 4. x = 0, 1, 2, . . ., 12. 5. a. S = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (2,1), (2,2), (2,3)} b. Experimental Outcome (1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (2,1) (2,2) (2,3) Number of Steps Required 2 3 4 3 4 5 6. a. values: 0,1,2,...,20 discrete b. values: 0,1,2,... discrete c. values: 0,1,2,...,50 discrete d. values: 0 ? x ? 8 continuous e. values: x > 0 continuous 7. a. f (x) ? 0 for all values of x. ? f (x) = 1 Therefore, it is a proper probability distribution. b. Probability x = 30 is f (30) = .25 c. Probability x ? 25 is f (20) + f (25) = .20 + .15 = .35 d. P