高中英语 Unit1 Friendship 第四学时 Grammar 新人教版必修1.ppt

Unit 1　Friendship　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 第四学时　Grammar;语法精讲;直接引语和间接引语（1） 【观察领悟】 观察领悟下列句子，找出其规律。 1．a. She said，“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.” b．She said (that) she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people did. ; 4．a. She said, “My brother wants to go with me.” b．She said her brother wanted to go with her. 5 a. He said to Kate，“ How is your sister now？” b．He asked Kate how her sister was then.;7．a. She said, “ I lost a pen.” b．She said that she had lost a pen. 8．a. She said to me, “ Are you interested in science？” b．She asked me if I was interested in science.;【自我归纳】 以上的例句中a组是________ ，前后要加引号；b组是________，不用加引号，而用宾语从句或复合宾语来表达。 一、定义 直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。;二、变化 直接引语如果改为间接引语，须在连接词、人称、时态、状语、个别指示代词和动词等方面做相应的变化。 1．连接词的选择 (1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导 的宾语从句。在口语中that可以省略。 The little boy said，“I was playing with my toys when someone knocked at the door.”;小男孩说：“我在玩我的玩具，这时有人敲门。”(直接引语为陈述句) →The little boy said (that) he was playing with his toys when someone knocked at the door.小男孩说，他在玩他的玩具，那时有人敲门。(间接引语为that引导的宾语从句);Mother said to her daughter，“Are you satisfied with your new room？” 妈妈对她的女儿说：“你对你的新房间满意吗？”(直接引语为一般疑问句) →Mother asked her daughter whether/if she was satisfied with her new room. 妈妈问她女儿是否对她的新房间满意。(间接引语改为由whether/if引导的宾语从句); (3) 直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。;2．人称的变化 直???引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。(记忆口诀)一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 (1)“一随主”。指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。 Mary said，“I want to have a computer of my own.”;玛丽说，“我想有一台我自己的电脑。” →Mary said that she wanted to have a computer of her own. 玛丽说她想拥有一台自己的电脑。;她的同事问她向谁请了假。;工人们说领导经常让工人们加班。;His friend said to him，“We are planning to have a picnic.” 他的朋友对他说：“我们计划去野餐。”(直接引语为现在进行时) →His friend told him that they were planning to have a picnic. 他的朋友告诉他说，他们计划去野餐