铝合金单层球面网壳结构阻尼特性.docxVIP

铝合金单层球面网壳结构阻尼特性 Abstract：The damping ratio on aluminum alloy single layer spherical reticulated shells with plate-type joints was studied by field measurement. For an aluminum alloy spherical latticed shell with a planar dimension of 45m×45m and a rise of 2.86m， a total of 11 test cases were planned and 160 acceleration damped free vibration signals were collected on site under human-induced excitations as well as 6 vibration signals under environmental excitations. Using the method of analytical modal decomposition （AMD） combined with the Hilbert transform， natural frequencies and modal damping ratio of the structure were identified. Statistic studies were carried out and an average damping ratio of 4% was suggested for this kind of structures. Finite element （FE） models were established using the suggested damping ratio， and the nodal dynamic responses given by numerical analysis showed good consistency with those given by the tests. The damping ratio given here could give a basis for the revision of the current code and provide a reference for the structural dynamic analysis and engineering design. Key words：aluminum alloys;single layer spherical latticed shells;plate-type gusset joints;analytical modal decomposition;modal vibration testing;damping ratio 20世紀90年代以来，以网壳和网架结构为主的铝合金结构在我国的应用逐渐增多，单层网壳结构是最常见的大跨度铝合金结构形式，其结构特点是以薄膜内力为主;结构由三向网格构成;杆件多采用H型截面挤压型材;节点采用板式节点. 针对铝合金结构的板式节点受力特性、破坏机理[4-5]、节点刚度和承载力，国内外学者展开了相关研究并取得诸多成果. 针对铝合金板式节点网壳结构的静力承载性能的研究也趋于完善. 相对于钢网壳，铝合金板式节点单层网壳阻尼特性的研究还处于初步阶段. 相比试验模型网壳，对已建成的铝合金板式节点单层网壳的阻尼特性进行研究更具理论和工程应用价值. 本文对一已建成的铝合金板式节点单层球面网壳进行现场实测，结合结构模态分析选取激励点和采集点，设计了11个工况，采集了在跳跃激励下各网壳测点的自由衰减振动响应以及环境激励下网壳测点的振动响应，对各测点的加速度响应进行模态参数识别，得到各阶自振频率和模态阻尼比，对所得数据进行统计分析，得出了铝合金板式节点单层球面网壳的阻尼比均值. 运用所得阻尼参数对结构有限元模型的动力响应进行分析，验证实测节点加速度响应曲线和有限元分析结果的吻合度. 1 现场试验 1.1 结构概况 对上海崇明体育中心训练馆的铝合金屋盖结构进行现场实测. 该屋盖为铝合金板式节点单层球面网壳结构，下部混凝土结构. 铝合金单层球面网壳平面尺寸45 m × 45 m，矢高2.86 m，杆件采用挤压H型铝材制作，截面尺寸为H320 mm × 180 mm × 8 mm × 10 mm. 网壳所有非支座节点均为板式节点. 网壳所有构件和节点板材均为6061-T6型铝合