现在完成时讲义及练习.pdfVIP

Grammar语法 :simple present tense 现在完成时 A 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I am doing my homework. I have done my homework. B 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始， 一直延续到现在， 而且可能 还要继续下去。 I ’ve known Alice for three years. 现在完成时的构成： 主语 +have/has +动词的过去分词 . I have done my homework. 1.否定： have, has后面加 not . I have not done my homework. 2.一般疑问句： have, has提到主语前 Have you done your homework? 区别： has gone to:表示某人已去了某地，而没有回来 (去了没回 ) has been to :表示去过某地 (去过已回来 ) has been in/at(in表示相对大一些的地点 ;at 表示相对小一些的地点 ): 表示一直呆在某地 ,常与时间段搭配 . since+时 间点 =for+ 时 间段 since+一般 过去 时 态的时间 状语从 句 =since+时间点 +ago 现在完成时往往同表示 不确定的过去时间状语 连用 already(肯定句中 )，yet( 否定，疑问，句末 ) ，just( 刚刚), before(之前 ), recently(最近 ), still, lately, never 等: I have already finished my work. I haven ’t finished my work yet.(否定句 ) Have you finished your work yet?(一般疑问句 ) 动词过去式和过去分词的变化相同 一般在动词词尾直接 ed. 如： pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed A-A- A: let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read, cut →cut →cut A-B- B: lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; A-B- C: choose →chose →chosen do→did →done see →saw→seen drink →drank →drunk go→went →gone take →took →taken A-B- A: run →ran →run come→came→come 练习 一.选择 1. How long have you _______ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that