(完整版)虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题.docxVIP

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不 可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一、与现在事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 Should If 1.动词过去式 (或 were) Would +动词原形 2.助动词（过去式） +动词原形 could might If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. 二.与将来事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 1. should+动词原形 Should If 2. 动词过去式 Would+动词原形 3、were to+动词原形 Could might If you should lose, what would you do? If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 三、与过去事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 Should If had+过去分词 Would + have+过去分词 could might If I ’ d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法 省掉 if 的条件从句结构： Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me, ) 2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如： A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water, ) (=If you hadn ’ t helped me, ) 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如： If he had followed the doctor ’ s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you, I would have gone home. 五、虚拟语气的其他用法 1、Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： suggest, advise, recommend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that (should )+动词原形 devide, ask, move, propose等 注意：在此结构中 that 不可省略； should 省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. 上述动词的名词形式出现时， that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。 He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking. 如果 that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right. 2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that 引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： imperative, advisable,  动词完成式 It is (was) + important,natural, necessary, +that  )  +  (should essential, strange,等  动词原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctor  ’ s orders. It is right that you should have done your homework. 3、wish 的用法 动词过去式或  were—与现在事实相反 主语 +wish(that)+主语  +  动词过去完成式 —与过去事实相反 助动词过去试 +动词原形 —与将来事实相反 I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a