情态动词课件.pptVIP

情态动词 概说： 情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，需要，可能，愿意和怀疑等。情态动词有一定的词义，但不完整，必须和主要动词的原形一起构成谓语。常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, have to, ought to, need, dare, shall, will, should, would, be able to, etc. 一. can , could, be able to I. 1) can 表示体力或脑力方面的能力，或根据客观条件能够做某事的能力。 A blind man can not judge color. He can speak five languages. 2) 表示许可，在疑问句中表示要求，否定句中 表示不许。 Can (May) I come in ? ----- Can I use your dictionary? ----- Of course, you can. No, you cant. This kind of thing can’t go on. 3) 表示可能性，常用于疑问句和否定句中，指“某事是否是事实”。 Can it be true? Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be? She can’t be here. He can’t be serious. He cant be playing football now, Mary can’t have gone there alone. 4) 用于肯定句中，表示逻辑上的推理，理论上的可能。 Dont throw it away it can be useful in future. When the storm stops , the plane can take off . 当风暴停下来时，飞机可以起飞了。 5）（用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中）表示猜测、怀疑或惊诧 How can / could you be here ? 你怎么会在这儿？ She couldnt / cant be so stupid to do that . 她不可能蠢得去做那种事吧。 He couldnt / cant be over seventy . 他不可能有七十多岁了。 Where could / can the boy be now ? 那孩子现在能在哪儿呢？ 另外 could还常用于表示较客气委婉的看法、提问及用于虚拟语气的结构中。这时候，could就不可以看作是can的过去式了。而是could自己独特的用法。 如： Could you speak a little slowly ? 您能稍微说慢一点儿吗？ Im afraid that we couldnt give you any definite answer at this moment . 恐怕我们这时候还无法给予您任何确切的答复。 I could come earlier if asked . 如果要让我早一点来，我可以来早一点。 We would appreciate it if you could offer us any help . 如果您能为我们提供帮助的话，我们将不甚感激。 You could have done better if you had worked harder at it . 如果你再加把劲，本来可以干得更好一些的。 6) be able to与can 的比较 A) 表示能力时可通用 No one can / is able to do it. Can you come tonight? /Will you be able to come tonight? B) be able to可用于任何时态， can只能用在现在时或过去时（ could ）中。 I’m sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter. He says / said he will / would be able to come home for Christmas. C) 表示经过努而成功地办到了某个具体的事情时，只能用be able to 不可用 could。 With the help of the firemen, they were able to leave the burning h