软件工程软件工程体系结构ch12 design patterns4.pptVIP

Data column pattern 设计模式与特定问题 对象创建问题 代码的重复：Factory 构造方法不能多态：Factory Method J2EE与.NET技术主题 DB技术主题 分布式系统 更多特定问题：《设计模式语言（卷1～5）》 * * * * * void Application::OpenDocument (const char* name) { if (!CanOpenDocument(name)) { // cannot handle this document return; } Document* doc = DoCreateDocument(); if (doc) { _docs-AddDocument(doc); AboutToOpenDocument(doc); doc-Open(); doc-DoRead(); } } * * * * Singleton: structure Singleton -static uniqueInstance -… +static getinstance() -singleton() +… return uniqueInstance Implementing Singleton make constructor(s) private so that they can not be called from outside declare a single static private instance of the class write a public getInstance() or similar method that allows access to the single instance possibly protect / synchronize this method to ensure that it will work in a multi-threaded program * Singleton example consider a singleton class RandomGenerator that generates random numbers public class RandomGenerator { private static RandomGenerator gen; public static RandomGenerator getInstance() { if (gen == null) gen = new RandomGenerator(); return gen; } private RandomGenerator() {} public double nextNumber() { return Math.random(); } } Object creation: Complex Scenario 2: Limited instance permitted 思考题 以singleton为基础，编写程序解决上述问题 Object creation: Complex Scenario 3: type variations Encapsulating object creation Factory Factory: a class which responsibility is to creating other class with vary types A More complex scenario: type variations Application newDocument() openDocument() Document save() print() docs MyDocument MyApplication creates Application class is responsible for creation (and management) of Documents Problem: Application class knows: WHEN a new document should be created Application class doesn’t know: WHAT KIND of document to create A More complex scenario: type variations Solution: Application