6生物医学测量与仪器第四章-1.pptVIP

Ch 4 Physiological Measurement and Device 4.1 Blood pressure measurement and device 4.2 Blood flow measurement and device 4.3 Temperature measurement and device Manometer 压力计 Sphygmomanometer 血压计 Sphygmometer 血压计 Blood pressure meter血压计 Auscultatory method 听诊法 （柯氏音法） Oscillometric method 示波法 Systolic 收缩的 Diastolic 舒张的 Tonometry 张力测量法 Laminar flow 层流 Turbulent flow 湍流 Hypertension 高血压 Hypotension 低血压 Laminar and Turbulent Flow Laminar flow Streamlined Outermost layer moving slowest and center moving fastest Turbulent flow Interrupted Rate of flow exceeds critical velocity Fluid passes a constriction, sharp turn, rough surface Auscultatory Method Ultrasonic Method Ultrasonic Method Oscillometric Method Measures the amplitude of oscillations that appear in the cuff pressure signal which are created by expansion of the arterial wall each time blood is forced through the artery. Oscillometric Method Process: A compression cuff is inflated above systolic pressure and slowly deflated. Systolic pressure is detected where there is a transition from small amplitude oscillations (above systolic pressure) to increasing cuff-pressure amplitude. The cuff-pressure oscillations increase to a maximum at the mean arterial pressure. Oscillometric Method Oscillometric Method Oscillometric Method 2. Tonometry Principle: when a pressurized vessel is partly collapsed by an external object, the circumferential (圆周) stresses in the vessel wall are removed and the internal and external pressures are equal. Direct Methodsin Blood Pressure Measurements General Facts Extravascular Sensor Intravascular Sensor Intravascular Sensor Summary Indirect Methodsin Blood Flow Measurements Blood Flow Blood Flow Doppler Measurements-Ultrasound Doppler Transducer: Piazoeletric material eletric acoustic Received Signal: A large-amplitude signal at the carrier frequency plus the very low (approximately 0.1%) amplitude Doppler-shifted signal (not at