毕业设计翻译IntroductionoffirefightingmethodsinUS.docxVIP

word word文档 可自由复制编辑 原文： Introduction of firefighting methods in U S. underground mines Introduction Un dergro und mi ne fire always exists since the mi ning activity was practiced . It poses a severe safety hazard to the mine workers and may also cause a tremendous economic loss to the min es. Methods for con trolli ng and ext in guish ing fires in un dergro und mine have long bee n studied and there have been significant improvements . In order to know clearly about the firefighti ng tech no logy used this paper summarizes most of the un dergro und mine firefighti ng methods used in the Un ited States the past 150 years This paper describes not only the accepted firefighti ng theories but also the tech no logies both direct and in direct attack ing in accorda nee to regulati ons or codes with special atte ntio n is give n to the in direct attack method and its related tech no logies. Further research n eeded is also briefly discussed at the end of this paper. Un dergro und coal mine fires in the Un ited States continue to prese nt a sig ni fica nt hazard to the safety and health of mine workers . Un like other types of mining accide nts where an in cide nt gen erally in volves only a few workers the dan ger of a mine fire exte nds to every pers on working . Comparing with other industries underground mine fires more hazardous . Since the un dergro und coal mines are confined in space toxic fumes from the fires will gather in the ope nings and it is impossible for these toxic fumes to be quickly diffused through in take or retur n airways result ing in in creased toxic gas concen tratio ns in un dergro und airways 1 . Whe n a mine fire occurs the toxic products of combustion can block avenues of escape and these asphyxiating gases can spread well beyond the fire zone in a short period of time . There have bee n sig ni fica nt improveme nts in mine safety and health since the pass ing of the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 gen erally referred to as th