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现在完成时
结构: (助动词)have/has +过去分词(p.p.规则和过去式一样加ed,不规则要记)
第一种用法:
表示: 过去发生的动作对现在的影响; 不强调过去; 只强调现在;
Key words(关键词):already(肯定句); yet(否定句或疑问句); just(陈述句)
e.g :
1.--______ you _________your homework yet? (finish)
(1)Yes, I _____ already _______it.When ______ you ________it? Several minutes ago.
(2)Yes, I ______just _______it. Where _____ you ______it. At home.
(3)No,I ________ it yet. When _____ you ______?This evening?
第二种用法: 谈论过去的经历, 关键词: ever; never; before
e.g.--____ you ever ___________(travel) on a plane (before)? --Yes, I have
在谈论过去的经历时，注意以下两个句型的比较：
have/has been to s.p.(曾经去过某地，但是已经回来) (Sb. is here.)
have/has gone to.s.p.(已经去某地了，不在此地) (Sb. is not here.)
e.g. Wheres Jim? He _______________ the library? (Hes not here.)
Where were you? I _______________ the library. (Im not there now)
第三种用法: 强调过去的动作要一直延续到现在。注意：动词要有延续性动词。
结构：Sb have/has +done(延) for some time /since +点时间/ since some time ago
点动词转换为延续性动词的有:
die be dead
come /go be in
buy have
open be open
begin be on
finish/end be over
join be a member of / be in …
borrow/lend keep
close/open be closed/be open
become be
leave be away from s.p.
常见转换结构：He died three years ago. He has been dead for two years/ since two years ago./since 2006. It is two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died.
用have been to or have gone to完成下列句子:
Where ______you ______? I have waited for you for a long time.
My father _____________ Shanghai. He wont be back until next week.
The students ______________ the park. They are playing happily, I think.
How many times _____ he _________ Beijing this year?
用所给动词的适当形式填空:
He _________(see) the film twice. He _________(see) the film last year. He ________(see) the film this evening.
I ______________(read) the book twice.
Little Tom ____________(catch)a bad cold. He ___________(not wear)enough clothes yesterday.
She ___________(lose)her pen yesterday. She ___________(not find)it yet.
He __________(se
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