which在定语从句中的用法.pdfVIP

1. 首先关系代词 which 在定语从句指物， 在定语从句中作主语、 宾语 或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 1. 引导限制性定语从句 E.g: A shop should keep a stock of those goods wh ich sell best. 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 1.2. 引导非限制性定语从句。 （ 1 ）用来指代一个句子。 E.g:Internet is so interesting, which makes all poss ible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发 生。 （ 2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 E.g:When deep in thought, which he often was, he w ould forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。 （ 3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句， 第二个 which 前要 加 and. E.g:He bought a book, which was written by Lu Xun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。 2.which 和 that 在定语从句中的区别 2.1 使用 that 的情况： 1）当先行词是 nothing, something, anything, all, each 等不定 代词时。 E.g: Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2）当先行词被 all, any, some, no, not, every, each 等修饰时。 E.g: I have some books that are very good. 3）当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 E.g:This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4 ）主句是以 which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时 E.g: Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting. 5) 当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时 , 无论先行词是人还是物 . E.g:China is no longer the country that she was. 6）如有两个定语从句 , 其中一个已用 which 引导, 另一个宜用 that . E.g:Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 7）在 there be 句型中 , 只用 that. E.g ：Heasked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject. 8) 当先行词被 the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰 时。 E.g ： This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 9) 当先行词又有人又有物时。 E.g ： I won ’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 2.2 只能使用 which 的情况： 1) 非限制性定语从句中。 E.g ： Mary has