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英汉对比
综合语与分析语
综合语与分析语
Synthetic vs. Analytic
综合语的特征是运用形态变化来表达语法关系(拉丁语、德语、古英语)
A synthetic language is “characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships”. ( Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary )
分析语的特征是不用形态变化而用词序及虚词来表达语法关系(汉语)
An analytic language is “characterized by a relatively frequent use of function words, auxiliary verbs, and changes in word order to express syntactic relations, rather than of inflected forms”. ( The Random House College Dictionary )
形态变化
词序
虚词
语调(intonation)和声调(tone)
一、英语有形态变化,汉语没有严格意义的形态变化。
1、构词形态
词
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