自关于单片机的英文文献(上) .docxVIP

ＩNTＲODUCＴＩON TO　MICROCＯＮＴROLLERS Ｗhａt arｅ　microｃｏｎtrｏlｌers? Ｔhey arｅ wｈａt ｔheｉr　nａme suｇgests. Todaｙ tｈeｙ　can ｂｅ ｆound ｉn ａlmosｔ　any　comｐlex　elecｔｒonic　ｄeviｃe -　frｏm　ｐortaｂｌｅ ｍusiｃ dｅvｉceｓ to ｗaｓｈing machｉneｓ to ｙour cａr. Ｔhｅy ａre programmable,　cheap， sｍａll, can hａｎｄlｅ　abusｅ,　reqｕｉre almost　zero　poｗeｒ， anｄ　tｈere ａre　sｏ maｎｙ　ｖariａｔies　to suｉｔ every　nｅed． Ｔhis ｉs　ｗhａｔ ｍａkes ｔhem sｏ　usｅｆuｌ ｆor robotｉcｓ － they ａre ｌike tiny affoｒdable cｏmputｅｒs thａt yｏu cａｎ　puｔ right ｏntｏ　your　roｂoｔ. Aｕgmｅｎted Ｍicroｃontrollers　ａnｄ Develｏｐmeｎt　Bｏards ﻫIn a pｕre ｓensｅ, ａ microcontrｏller ｉs　jusｔ ａn IＣ (iｎteｇratｅd cirｃuit， ｏr a　blaｃk chiｐ thiｎg wｉth ｐins　comiｎg ｏuｔ of it). However it　is ｖery comｍon ｔo add ａｄditiｏnal ｅxternaｌ cｏmponents,　ｓuch ａs a　volｔagｅ regulatoｒ,　ｃapacitorｓ, LEＤs， motor　dｒiｖer, tiｍing　cｒystals, rｓ２3２，　etc ｔo　tｈe ｂaｓic IＣ．　Ｆormallｙ, thiｓ is cａllｅd　an auｇmentｅd miｃroｃｏntrｏller.　But ｉn　reａliｔy， ｍost　peopｌe jｕst sａｙ mｉcrｏcontrｏlleｒ　eｖen iｆ it ｈas aｕgmｅntａtiｏn.　Oｔｈｅr abbｒeviations ｗould　be uｎcｏnｔroller　ａnd MicrｏConｔｒoller　Ｕnit (MＣU)．　Uｓually when Ｉ say　＇ｍｉcｒoｃonｔroller wｈat I reaｌly mean to　say is auｇｍｅnteｄ micrｏconｔrolｌer. Ａｓ ａ beginner　it ｉs ｐｒｏｂabｌy besｔ to　buｙ ａn　augｍentｅd microcontroｌｌeｒ． Why？ Ｗeｌl　bｅｃausｅ tｈeｙ ｈave tｏnｓ of　goodies built onto　thｅｍ ｔhａt　arｅ all　asseｍbled and deｂuggｅd ｆｏr yｏu．　Ｔheｙ also oｆtｅn coｍe wｉtｈ tｅch ｓupｐoｒt， samplｅ　code， anｄ ａ　comｍuｎity ｏf pｅｏpｌe　tｏ ｈelp you ｗiｔh tｈeｍ. My miｃrｏｃonｔｒoller ｐartｓ　lisｔ shｏws ｔｈe　mｏre pｏpｕlaｒ tｙｐeｓ　thaｔ you cａｎ ｂuy. They tend ｔo　coｓt from $３0 tｏ　＄１５0 dｅｐending on ｔhe ｆeａtureｓ. This will ｇive yoｕ　a good iｎtroductory to miｃrocontｒｏllｅr pｒｏgraｍming ｗithout　haｖing to　be ｃｏnｃｅrｎed wｉｔh　alｌ　the　tｅchnicａｌ stuｆｆ. In　the long　ｔerm however　yoｕ should ｂuiｌd your　own　aｕgmenｔｅd microcｏnｔｒoller　so ｔhat　ｙｏｕ　ｍay undersｔａnｄ them betｔｅr. The advａnｔage　to ｍａkinｇ　your own　is ｔhaｔ it wｉｌｌ probａbly ｃost yｏu fｒom　$10-$30. Ｂｅtwｅeｎ gettiｎｇ　a　ｆｕlｌ ａugmented bｏard aｎd dｏｉｎg it yｏursｅlｆ　is soｍｅthｉｎg cａlled　ａ ｄeveｌopment　ｂoard. Tｈeｓｅ boａrdｓ ｃome