基于数字控制的交流调速系统设计.docx

基于数字控制的交流调速系统设计 摘要 随着工农业生产的发展，人们对调速技术的要求也越来越高。异步电 动机具有结构简单、运行可靠、维护方便等特点，随着电力电子器件、微 处理器以及控制技术的发展，交流调速的应用也越来越广泛。变频技术的 出现改善了交流电机的调速性能，同时基于微处理器的数字交流调速系统 也已经进入人们研究的范围。 本课题来源于实验室的实验装置，主要目的和任务是设计一个数字控 制的交流电动机调速系统，主要研究内容由软硬件两大部分组成。硬件部 分完成控制系统的硬件设计，包括硬件电路设计，其中包括主回路的选择、 单片机控制系统的组成与实现；软件部分完成对主程序、初始化子程序、 中断服务子程序三大部分的设计，其中中断服务子程序包括状态量（电流、 转速）检测子程序、数字PI调节子程序、SPW生成子程序。最后，在实验 设备的基础上完成调试运行，检测各关键点的波形。 本设计针对交流异步电动机调速控制系统进行了研究和探讨，提出了 相应的硬件、软件设计方案，以 TI 公司的电机专用控制芯片 DSP TMS320F281为控制核心，采用正弦脉宽调制（SPWM技术，实现了对交流异 步电动机转速闭环矢量控制，从而使交流电机运行精度得到很大提高。 关键词： DSP 交流调速 SPWM 矢量控制 ABSTRACT With the development of industrial and agricultural production, people also more and more high to the requirement of technology. Asynchronous motor has many characteristics ， such as simple structure, reliable operation, convenient maintenance, etc.As the power electronics, microprocessor and control technology develop, the application of ac speed regulation is becoming more and more widely. The emergence of frequency conversion technology to improve the performance of ac motor speed control, digital ac speed regulation system based on microprocessor also has entered the research scope of people. This topic is derived from the laboratory experiment device, the main purpose and task is to design a digital control of ac motor speed control system, the main research content is composed of hardware and software of two parts.Hardware part of the complete control system hardware design includes hardware circuit design, the selection of main circuit, single chip microcomputer control system composition and implementation; software part completes the main program, the initial program and the interrupt service subroutine design. Interrupt service subprogram include state detection subroutine (current, rotational speed), digital PI control subroutine, SPWM subprogram .Finally, on the basis of the experimental equipment debugging and running,complete testing waveform of each key point. This design for ac asynchronous motor speed c