华东理工大学有机化学课后答案.docxVIP

专业 专业.专注 部分习题参考答案 2-1 (5)顺-1,2-二溴环己烷 (6) 1,7,7-三甲基二环［221］庚烷 (7) 5-甲基螺［3.4］辛烷 (8) 4/ (9) 0 CH3CH3 (10) 1 1 H3JC— C— CH3 (11) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CH3 Q 1 1 ch3 ch3 2-4 (3)(2)(5)(1)(4) 2-6 (1)正丙基(n-Pr-) (2)异丙基(i-Pr-) (3)异丁基(i-Bu-) 叔丁基(t-Bu-) (5)甲基(Me-) (6)乙基(Et-) 2-7 (3) CH 3CH2CH(CH 3) 2 (4) (CH 3)4C 2-8 (3)、⑹等同；(2)、(5)构造异构；⑴、(4)构象异构 2-9 (1)用Br2。因氢原子活性有差异 ，溴原子活性适中，反应选择性强，主要得到 用CI2。只有一种氢，氯原子反应活性咼 2-10 CH3CH2的稳定性大于 CH3 •，易于生成。 2-112,3-二甲基丁烷有四个典型构象式,2,2,3,3-四甲基丁烷有二个;前者最稳定的构象 2-11 2,3-二甲基丁烷有四个典型构象式 ,2,2,3,3-四甲基丁烷有二个 ;前者最稳定的构象 式为 CH, H CH3 H 2-13/^tz7^CH(CH3)2 (顺) /^7^叱出)2 2-13 HsC CH3 2-15⑴宀厂CH3 Y CH(CH 3)2 CH(CH 3)2 ⑵ C2H5 2-16 (4)(2)(3)(1) 4-4 ⑺ OH OH H CH3 (8) O — O (CH3)2CHC = O O= CHCH3 (CH3)2CHC CHCH3 O CH3 H3C (9) CH2Br Br (10) Br OCH3 CH3 (11) H 2C — C 」n COOCH 3 5 (1 ) 乙烯基 CH3CH2CH2CH = CH2 烯丙基 CH3 CH3CH2c^= CHCH3 有顺反异构 丙烯基 CH3CH2— c CH3CH2— c =ch2 CH3 CH3CH CH CH3 异丙烯基 CH2 = CHCH(CH 3)2 乙烯基 ⑵2 , 3-二甲基-2- 丁烯2-甲基-2-戊烯 反-3-己烯 顺-3-己烯1-己烯 ⑶2- ⑶2-甲基-1-丙烯 快 (形成叔碳正离子) (形成叔碳正离子) 6 ( 6 (1 ) 亲电加成反应， 中间体为碳正离子，有重排 H(CH3 H (CH3)2CHCH — CH2 —— Br • (CH3)2CHCH ——CH 3 —— (CH3)2CHCHCH 3 Br重丄 CH Br 重丄 CH — C一 CH2CH3 B「 ■ (CH3)2CCH2CH3 BrCH 3 Br 甲醇与碳正离子结合;直接失去质子而形成醚 CH2 一 CH2 + CH3OH—H» CH2 一 CH CH2 一 CH2 + CH3OH —H » CH2 一 CH2 —— CH2一 CH2 Br Br +OCH3 H Br OCH3 Br Br -H Br Br Br CH3Br +Br 二CH3⑷ CF3 CH3 Br + Br 二 CH3 ⑷ CF3CH =CH2 CF3CHCH 3 H + cf3ch2Ch2 (稳定) - cf3ch2ch2ci CH3OCH2CH2 H ■+ CH3OCH = CH2 Cl CH 3OCHCH 3 (稳定) :CH 3OCHCICH 3 (5)Cl4-7 (1)CH 3CCH3CH 2CH 2CCH3 HCH3CH3CH 2CH 2CH 3CH3CH3CHHCCH3CH3CH2CH2CH3 (5) Cl 4-7 (1) CH 3 C CH3 CH 2CH 2 C CH3 H CH3 CH3 CH 2CH 2 CH 3 CH3 CH3 C H H C CH3 CH3 CH2CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH 2CH 2 CH3 CH CH 3 H 9 Br2/CCl4；Ag(NH 3)2NO3, (2)顺丁稀二酸酐;Ag(NH J2NO3, 5-11 H3C H3C A H H CH3 —CCH 3 H3C H -CCH 3 ch3ch2ch2chch 2ch2ch3 CH3 h3c h h 3 C— I C_ C-C H CH3 CH3 h3Cc_cHh h C JC H H3Cr CH3 H3cC=CH H CH CH3 Cc CH3 H 12 A CH3CHCCHCH3 A CH3CHCCH CH3 B CH3CHC 三 CCH2CH2CH3 CH3 ch3ch2ch2cooh D CH3CHCOOH e CH3 CH3CHCCH 3 CH3 1 (a) C3H7NO (b) C2H3OCI 3 b a 扌 CH 3