高校冶金热能类学生工程思维和创新思维培养模式的改进.docxVIP

高校冶金热能类学生工程思维和创新思维培养模式的改进 Improvement on Engineering and Innovative Thinking Training Patterns for Metallurgical Thermal Energy College Students CHEN Yuanyuan， XU Xuecheng， PAN Ni， HE Zhu （The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy， Wuhan University of Science and Technology， Wuhan， Hubei *****） Abstract The purpose of education is to teach students the main forms of thinking. Engineering thinking and innovative thinking are the core competence of engineers. The development of students’ engineering thinking and innovative thinking skills is an important task in higher education. Wuhan University of Science and Technology has predominant engineering characteristics， and to cultivate application-oriented and outstanding engineers has been the focus of the education and teaching. After the joint efforts of the school leaders and the teachers in recent years， the training system of the metallurgical thermal specialty has an in-depth reform， and a more perfect system of training has been established. This paper analyzes the effect of each course setting （such as quality development course， innovation credit， internship at each stage） under the credit system on the training of students“ engineering thinking and innovative thinking. Furthermore， through the consideration of the current training system， some suggestions for improving students engineering thinking and innovative thinking are proposed. Keywords engineering thinking， innovative thinking， training patterns 1 概述 面对我国经济发展转型升级与全面提升国际竞争力的紧迫要求，培养造就一批适应社会经济发展需求，具有创新精神，能够引领经济社会转型的高质量工程技术人才的任务迫在眉睫。美国《培养2020的工程师：为新世纪变革工程教育》描绘了未来工程师应该具备的品质，包括较强的分析问题能力、实践动手能力、创新意识和创新能力；较高的伦理道德标准以及職业素养；灵活地更新并应用知识的能力；良好的沟通能力、商务与管理技能、领导能力；终身学习能力等等。对于我国工程应用型冶金类院校而言，其培养的人才核心竞争力可以概括为：具有工程实践所需的综合知识、能力以及人文素养。冶金类院校不仅要提供学生的冶金行业综合知识背景，更关键的是培养学生的工程和创新思维，质量和责任担当，成本和环保意识。由于长期以来高等院校以科学研究为导向的发展，使得工程教育与社会较为脱节，培养出来的工程人才，往往是“有知识没文化”，“有技能没常识”，“有专业没思想”，饱受社会各界的批评。科学基础知识和专业技术知识容易被学生掌握和接受，但思维的培养是一个潜移默化的长期的过程，对于一名优秀的工程