康乐-进化生态学-第二次课件2018.pdfVIP

生物对温度胁迫的适应性 康 乐 中国科学院动物研究所，北京 100101 温度是一种经常起作用、到处起作用的重要 的生态因子，它对生命过程的诸多方面都有决定 性的影响，它能改变有机体新陈代谢的水平、生 长和发育的速度、取食和繁殖的策略以及数量和 分布等，所以无论是生命本身的能力或生命现象 的强度，在某种程度上是由温度所决定的。 Thermal biology_相关论文(共476713篇)_百度学术 Over the last 50 yr, thermal biology has shifted from a largely physiological science to a more integrated science of behavior, physiology, ecology, and evolution. Today, the mechanisms that underlie responses to environmental temperature are being scrutinized at levels ranging from genes to organisms. From these investigations, a theory of thermal adaptation has emerged that describes the evolution of thermoregulation, thermal sensitivity, and thermal acclimation. The Journal of Thermal Biology publishes articles that advance our knowledge on the ways and mechanisms through which temperature affects man and animals. This includes studies of their responses to these effects and on the ecological consequences. Directly relevant to this theme are: • The mechanisms of thermal limitation, heat and cold injury, and the resistance of organisms to extremes of temperature • The mechanisms involved in acclimation, acclimatization and evolutionary adaptation to temperature • Mechanisms underlying the patterns of hibernation, torpor, dormancy, aestivation and diapause • Effects of temperature on reproduction and development, growth, ageing and life-span • Studies on modelling heat transfer between organisms and their environment • The contributions of temperature to effects of climate change on animal species and man • Studies of conservation biology and physiology related to temperature • Behavioural and physiological regulation of body temperature including its pathophysiology and fever • Medical applications of hypo- and hyperthermia Most Important Effects of Temperature on Living Organisms ! 1. Temperature and cell: The minimum and maximum temperatures have lethal effects