牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit7-8语法被动语态知识点讲解及练习 （有答案）.docxVIP

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit7-8语法知识点讲解及练习 被动语态 重点考点知识点 1.动词语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者 例句：We use a knife for cutting (主动句). A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。 2.被动语态的使用情况： 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁 强调动作的承受者 被动语态中的执行者常常由“by+执行者 ”引出 结构：被动语态由“be＋动词的过去分词”构成。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。其中的动词必须是及物动词。（不及物动词无被动） 被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are＋done 一般过去时的被动语态：was／were＋done 一般将来时的被动语态：will／shall be＋done 现在进行时的被动语态：am／is／are being＋done 现在完成时的被动语态：have／has been＋done 例题1： --- Have you finished your fashion design? --- Not yet. I’ll finish it if I_________ ten more minutes tomorrow. A.am given B. will be given C. will give D. give 例题2：Its said that the long bridge______________________（build）in two months． 例题3：All the students _____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday 例题4：No stars can （see） in the day-time by us. 例题5：The books (sell)out already。 will be built/were asked/be seen/have been sold “情态动词＋be＋过去分词 We? must finish this work soon. →This work must be done soon. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法:宾变主,谓变被,必要时主前加by，其余不变 主动语态:My brother repaired that bike yesterday. 　　 主语 谓语动词　 宾语其余部分 被动语态:That bike was repaired (by my brother) yesterday. 　　　 主语 谓语动词 by+宾语其余部分 Eg. Jack broke the window last night. 被动：The window was broken by Jack last night. 带双宾语的被动语态 动词如buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,lend,teach等，带有双宾语，一个是直接宾语（指物），另一个是间接宾语（指人）.变为被动语态后人或者物都可以做主语。但是物作主语，保留间接宾语，其前面根据情况用介词to或for Eg.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday．（me间接宾语，gift直接宾语） 被动：I was given a gift on my birthday． A gift was given to me on my birthday. 例题1; My father bought me a new bike. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语) 例题2：His mother shows him a book. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语) Keys:I was bought a new bike by my father A new bike was bought for me by my father. He is showed a bo