2021_2022学年新教材高中英语Unit3CelebrationsSectionⅣGrammar课件北师大版必修第一册.pptx

Unit 3　Celebrations Section Ⅳ　Grammar;走近新课·一起感知; 走近新课·一起感知;语法感知;4.The problem has been solved already.? 5.She found she was being followed by a stranger. ?;语法探究·一起思考;知识脉络;语法精讲;1.被动语态根据时态的不同,可分为以下几种常用类型: 一般现在时 am/is/are+done 一般过去时 was/were+done 现在进行时 am/is/are+being done 过去进行时 was/were+being done 现在完成时 have/has+been done 过去完成时 had+been done 一般将来时 shall/will+be done 过去将来时 would/should+be done;2.被动语态的特殊情况 (1)双宾语的被动语态 含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,既可把指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语;也可把指物的直接宾语用作主语,但此时必须在间接宾语前面加上介词to或for。;He gave me a pen. →I was given a pen by him. →A pen was given to me by him. She drew them a picture yesterday. →They were drawn a picture yesterday. →A picture was drawn for them yesterday. 注意 give,pass,lend,show,tell 等动词后的介词用to。draw,buy,keep等动词后的介词用for。;(2)复合宾语的被动语态 若主动语态的句子为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”则变为“宾语做主语,宾语补足语变主语补足语”。 I asked him to help me with my English. →He was asked to help me with my English. 注意 感官动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to,但变被动句时to必须还原。 The boss made her work for 16 hours a day. →She was made to work for 16 hours a day by the boss.;类似的词有:ask,tell,invent,expect,warn,advise,make,let, hear,see,watch,feel,notice 但类似see sb doing sth 的句子时则这样变: I heard him reading in the room. →He was heard reading in the room by me.;(3)短语动词的被动语态 有些短语动词相当于及物动词,可以有被动语态。但要注意,短语动词是一个不可分割的词组,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词。 The teachers take good care of the children. →The children are taken good care of (by the teachers). They have sent for the doctor. →The doctor has been sent for.;(4)含有情动词的被动语态 构成:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 We must plant trees. →Trees must be planted.;(5)不能用被动语态的七种情况 ①不及物动词及部分短语动词(take place;happen;break out;belong to)没有被动语态。 The story happened in 1999. A fire broke out in his house. The dictionary belongs to me. The meeting will take place next Monday. =The meeting will be held next Monday.;②表状态的动词(cost;last;take;have;sell;fit;become等)不能用于被动语态。 The pen costs five yuan. Cold weather lasts long. This kind of dictionary sells well.;③当宾语和谓语是一个不可分割的整体时。 We had a swim in the river yesterday. The teacher walk