高考英语总复习：第二部分 第五章 阅读理解 .ppt

【题型分解】;阅读理解五级的目标部分描述如下： 1.根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义； 2.理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系； 3.能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局； 4.能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料； 5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息； ;【方法指导】;2.要提高视读的速度，考阅读理解，从另一个方面来说，考的是视读速度。因此做阅读理解时，要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。阅读时眼球总是不断地移动——停顿——移动着。??解是在“眼停”的瞬间进行的。我们要使眼停的时间相对增加，就要扩大视读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一次扫描一句的线式阅读，并且把看到的东西迅速报告给大脑，形成眼脑较快的直映能力。切不可在个别难懂的词句上磨蹭，只要全篇理解了，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测，去推断。 ;3.阅读时要注意培养语感，所谓语感是指人们对语言中词语搭配及句型结构的熟练程度。语感好的人，理解力就强，视读的速度就快。阅读时要留心词语的搭配，即习惯用法。必要时可用笔划一划或记下来。读完每一篇文章，都应总结归纳一下，积累了多少单词，习惯用法和句型，这样语感自然就会好起来。 4.阅读时要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题。此外，还应该细读文章，因为有时的试题是考细节。可以边读边用铅笔做点标记，把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因（即五个W，who，what，when，where，why）划出来。 ;5.读完一篇文章后，要回味一番对文章的段落结构，中心思想，人物事件，论点论据要做到心中有数。对不清楚的地方可以再看几次。要留心关键词句，注意弦外之音。对文章的评价分析，一定要坚持“词不离句，句不离篇”，要理解文章作者的原意，而不能按你自己的意愿去想当然。切记：一想当然，就会出错。如果文章太长，你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍，带着问题去看文章。这样可以帮助你去掉杂念，提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。 ;【例1】;　　Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for.He was going to wish he had a brother like that.But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly. 　　“I wish,” the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in surprise，then he said，“Would you like to take a ride in my car?” 　　“Oh，yes，I’ d love that.” 　　After a short ride，the boy turned and with his eyes shining，said，“Paul，would you mind driving in front of my house?” 　　Paul smiled a little.He thought he knew what the boy wanted.He wanted to show his neighbours that he could ride home in a big car.But Paul was wrong again，“Will you stop where those steps are?” the boy asked.;　　He ran up to the steps.Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back，but he was not coming fast.He was carrying his little cripple（残疾）brother.He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car. 　　“There he is，Buddy，just like I told you upstairs.His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’ t cost him a cent.And some day I’ m going to give you one just like it...then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I’ve been