（）中考英语复习方案第二篇语法专题突破专题动词的时态和语态.pptxVIP

;;类别;2.动词的过去式及过去分词的构成;变化情况;考点二　常见6种时态的构成及用法;时态;时态;时态;时态;【拓展】过去将来时,过去完成时[了解];时态;[注意] 短暂性动词与时间段连用或用于how long提问的问句中时,要转换成对应的延续性动词,常见的短暂性动词及其转换如下: arrive→be here 　　　 begin/start→be on　　　 　　　　 die→be dead 　　　　 leave→be away go out→be out finish/end→be over get up→be up put on→wear/be on open→be open join→be in/be a member of close→be closed borrow→keep buy/get→have catch (a cold)→have (a cold) marry→be married fall ill/sick/asleep→be ill/sick/asleep;;[注意] (1)带双宾语的主动语态改为用其直接宾语(物)作主语的被动语态时,间接宾语(人)前必须加介词to或for。 My father bought me a computer. →A computer was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一台电脑。 (2)有些感官动词和使役动词(hear, see, watch, notice, make, have等)在主动语态中作谓语时,其宾语补足语后的动词不定式省略to,但变成被动语态时,必须将to还原。 The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. →The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss. 老板让工人们一天工作12个小时。;【巧学妙记】 一感(feel);二听(hear, listen to);三让(let, make, have);四看(see, watch, look at, notice);(3)主动语态变被动语态的方法;考点二　被动语态的用法 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种水稻。 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者,而不是强调动作的执行者。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。 3.动作的发出者是某个事物。 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 在洪水中许多房子被冲走了。 4.固定句型中常用的被动语态。如:Its said that…(据说……), Its reported that…(据报道……), Its well-known that…(众所周知……)等。;考点三　主动形式表被动意义 1.look, smell, feel, taste等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。 The cloth feels soft.这布摸起来很软。 The cake tastes delicious.这蛋糕尝起来很美味。 2.need/require/want+doing sth. 意为“……需要……”。 The door needs repairing.这门需要修理。 The window wants cleaning.这窗户需要清洁。 3.某物+write/open/sell/wash/clean/cut/open+其他。该结构为主动形式,可表被动意义。 These books sell well. 这些书卖得很好。 The shop opens every day. 这家店每天都营业。;4.不及物动词和动词短语,如:happen, take place, come out, come true, run out 等。 A traffic accident happened last night.昨晚发生了一起交通事故。 If you work hard, your dream will come true. 如果你努力工作,你的梦想就会实现。