贵州省土地利用分布的地形特征.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 贵州省土地利用分布的地形特征 　　 　　姚勇 　　 　　 　　 　　摘要：地形对土地利用分布具有重要限制作用，科学认识土地利用的地形特征，可为区域社会经济-生态环境协调发展提供支持。以土地利用和DEM数据为基础，利用统计分析和叠加分析方法，对贵州省1995-2021年土地利用分布地形特征进行分析，研究表明：不同海拔范围、坡度范围和坡向范围，建设用地均表现为增加特征，且增速最高，增量较大。草地均表现为减少特征，减少面积最大。耕地和林地变化在不同地形表现不一。耕地增加主要集中在海拔=1000m范围，而减少集中分布在海拔1000-2000m范围和坡度为平坡的区域。林地减少集中在海拔=1000m范围和平坡、缓坡区域，阳坡减少量也较大，而增加主要集中在海拔=2000m范围和其他坡度、坡向范围。 　　Abstract： Topography has an important restrictive effect on the distribution of land use. Scientific understanding the topographic features of land use can provide support for the coordinated development of regional socio-economic and ecological environment. Based on the land use and DEM （Digital Elevation Model） data， and using statistical analysis and overlay analysis methods， the terrain characteristics of land use distribution in Guizhou Province from 1995 to 2021 were analyzed. The study showed that： at different altitudes， slopes， and aspects， the construction land showed an increasing characteristics， with the highest growth rate and a large increase. The grassland were characterized by a reduction， with the largest reduction area. Farmland and forest land were changed vary in different terrains. The increase of farmland was mainly concentration in the range of altitude =1000m， while the decrease was concentrated in the area of altitude 1000-20000m and the flat slopes area. The reduction of forest land was concentrated in the area of altitude =1000m， flat slopes and gentle slopes， the decreased of the sun aspect was also larger， while the increase was mainly concentrated in the range of altitude =2000m and other slopes and aspects. 　　关键词：土地利用;地形;统计分析 　　Key words： land use;topography;statistical analysis 　　中图分类号：F301.24 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-4311（2020）20-0209-03 　　0 引言 　　改革开放四十多年来，我国经济社会经历了快速发展过程，其中土地利用快速变化过程是这一历程的直观反映[1-2]。土地利用是人类根据自身需求对土地进行利用的方式，与人类关系密不可分。开展土地利用变化研究，对于科学认识人类活动本身及其对生态环境造成的影响具有重要意义[3-4]。地形因素是自然地理的主要要素，对人类活动具有一定的限制作用[5-6]，如人類活动较为密集的区域主要集中在平原地区。而高海拔地区、坡度