现在完成时延续性动词与非延续性动词.docx

现在完成时的延续性动词与非延续性动词 现在完成时的延续性动词与非延续性动词 现在完成时的延续性动词与非延续性动词 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为持续性动词与非持续性动词（短暂性动词或瞬时动词） 。 持续性动词能够与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有  :⑴  for+ 一段时间，如  :  for  2 years;  ⑵  since  从句 ,  如  since he  came here;  since+ 过去时间点，如  since last year, since 5 days ago  。 非持续性动词也称停止性动词、瞬时动词,表示不可以持续的动作 , 这类动作 发生后立刻结束。在此刻达成时的一定句中，短暂性动词不可以与表示时间段的 for短语， since 短语或从句连用。也不可以与表示时间段的how long 惹起的疑 问句连用。 比如： (1) I have bought the book for 2 weeks. ( x ) I have bought the book. (√) I have bought the book since two weeks ago. ( x ) I have bought the book two weeks ago. ( x ) I have had the book for two weeks. ( (2) The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.  √) It is/has been 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died. 短暂性动词与持续性动词的变换： (1)go (to)/come (to)/arrive/getto/reach/move---bein/at become---be return/go back/come back---be back 比如： He arrived in Beijing ten minutes ago. He has been in Beijing for ten minutes. My sister became an engineer in 2005. My sister has been an engineer since 2005. They went to Shanghai yesterday. They have been in Shanghai since yesterday/for one day. (2)  open---beopenclose---becloseddie----bedead marry---be married get married---be marriedleave--- be away finish/end---be overbegin/start---be ongo to sleep/fall asleep--- be asleep fall ill---be ill get up---be up sitdown---be seated go to school --- be a student 比如： He left five minutes ago. =He has been away for five The film began ten minutes ago. = The film has been on since ten minutes ago. (3) buy---have borrow/lend---keep/havecatch a cold---have a cold put on---wear get to know---know begin to study---study  minutes. 比如： She bought this book last year. = She has had this book since last year. join--- be in/ be a member of?+the 机构 /be a 机构 memberjoin the Party =be in the Party=be a Party member=be a member of the Party Join the army=be in the army=be a solider He joined the League in 2013.  参 He has been in the