现在完成时练习题以及答案.docVIP

现在完成时练习题以及答案 现在完成时练习题以及答案 PAGE / NUMPAGES 现在完成时练习题以及答案 此刻达成时 （ 1）组成：此刻达成时由助动词have + 过去分词组成，助动词 have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用 has， 其余用 have. not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语以前。 以 study 为例，其否认式、 此刻达成时的否认式直接在助动词后边加上 疑问式和简单回答形式以下： 否认式 疑问式 I have not (haven ’ t) studied . Have I studied ? You have not (haven ’ t) studied . Have you studied ? He has not (hasn ’ t) studied . Has he studied ? 否认疑问式 简单回答（一定 /否认） Have I not (Haven ’ t I) studied ? Yes, you have. No, you haven ’ t. Have you not (Haven ’ t you) studied ? Yes, I have. No, I haven ’ t. Has he not (Hasn ’ t he) studied ? Yes, he has. No, he hasn ’ t. （ 2）用法： 1）此刻达成时往常表示在 说话以前已经达成的动作 或存在的状态。说话人重申的是该动作或状态对此刻的结果或影响 。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I ’ m sure we ’ ve met before我肯.定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示连续到此刻的动作或状态， 常常和包含此刻在内的表示一段时间的状语连用， 如 recently, already, just, lately, for , sinceyt 等 ,。如： I haven ’ t heard from her these days这.些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven ’ t seen you recently.近来我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们走开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： 1） since 和 for 的差别 since 后接时间点，如 1993， last term, yesterday, the time I got there for 后接一段时间，表示 “长达多久 ”，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。 Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 oclock. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting ______ 20 minutes. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如 arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die 等，在达成时中间不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，由于它们表示的动作不行能连续。所以，不可以说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话能够改为： He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5